<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss' xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619</id><updated>2012-01-02T02:08:09.169Z</updated><category term='Teaching Systematic in Asia'/><category term='Confucianism'/><category term='China'/><category term='Debate Faith'/><category term='community'/><category term='theology'/><category term='Asian theology'/><category term='詮釋學'/><category term='ren'/><category term='Barth'/><category term='讀經'/><category term='viva'/><category term='Society'/><category term='閱讀'/><category term='personal background'/><category term='Pelagius'/><category term='mengzi'/><category term='pesonal'/><category term='SBL'/><category term='sin'/><category term='C. 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T. Wright'/><category term='Romans 13'/><category term='fusion of horizons'/><category term='社會'/><category term='House church'/><category term='漢語神學'/><category term='現代社會'/><category term='youtube songs'/><category term='public theology'/><category term='祭司'/><category term='conference'/><category term='paul'/><category term='心境與關係'/><category term='disputed letters'/><category term='北海神學圈'/><category term='academics'/><category term='STS'/><category term='New Testament'/><category term='historiography'/><category term='holiness'/><category term='Gadamer'/><category term='Gadamer on Hermenuetics of Application'/><category term='Edinburgh University'/><category term='羅馬書'/><category term='Song'/><category term='Stanley Hauerwas'/><category term='research'/><category term='personal'/><category term='culture'/><category term='zheng誠'/><category term='金庸'/><category term='Greco-Roman'/><category term='way of heaven'/><category term='science and faith'/><category term='spirituality'/><category term='book'/><category term='interpretation'/><category term='神學'/><category term='reflexivity'/><category term='research method'/><category term='Communism'/><category term='本色'/><category term='My Family'/><category term='biblical'/><category term='secularization'/><category term='朱熹'/><category term='religion'/><category term='呂氏春秋'/><category term='死去的親人'/><category term='hermeneutics of shi'/><title type='text'>基督徒．君子．愛丁堡  Grace Abound</title><subtitle type='html'>A Chinese Junzi's Hope is in the GRACE of CHRIST.</subtitle><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default?max-results=100'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><link rel='next' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default?start-index=101&amp;max-results=100'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>622</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>100</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-4027568660400254490</id><published>2012-01-02T02:07:00.001Z</published><updated>2012-01-02T02:08:09.191Z</updated><title type='text'>Amazon.com: 0465021476: Books</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"&gt;&amp;nbsp;         &lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="image"&gt;         &lt;a href="http://www.amazon.com/Existential-Psychotherapy-Irvin-D-Yalom/dp/0465021476/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&amp;amp;ie=UTF8&amp;amp;qid=1325469987&amp;amp;sr=1-1"&gt;         &lt;img alt="Product Details" class="productImage" src="http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/51V9Ibf1%2BNL._SL160_PIsitb-sticker-arrow-dp,TopRight,12,-18_SH30_OU01_AA160_.jpg" /&gt; &lt;/a&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;a class="title" href="http://www.amazon.com/Existential-Psychotherapy-Irvin-D-Yalom/dp/0465021476/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&amp;amp;ie=UTF8&amp;amp;qid=1325469987&amp;amp;sr=1-1"&gt;Existential Psychotherapy&lt;/a&gt;         &lt;span class="ptBrand"&gt;by &lt;a href="http://www.amazon.com/Irvin-D.-Yalom/e/B000AQ3IE4/ref=sr_ntt_srch_lnk_1?qid=1325469987&amp;amp;sr=1-1"&gt;Irvin D. Yalom&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class="bindingAndRelease"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/search?index=books&amp;amp;linkCode=qs&amp;amp;keywords=0465021476"&gt;Amazon.com: 0465021476: Books&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-4027568660400254490?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://www.amazon.com/gp/search?index=books&amp;linkCode=qs&amp;keywords=0465021476' title='Amazon.com: 0465021476: Books'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/4027568660400254490/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=4027568660400254490' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/4027568660400254490'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/4027568660400254490'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2012/01/amazoncom-0465021476-books.html' title='Amazon.com: 0465021476: Books'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-3293744470565483186</id><published>2011-07-06T02:43:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2011-07-06T02:43:41.649+01:00</updated><title type='text'>So You're a Baptist— | Books and Culture</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://www.booksandculture.com/articles/2011/julaug/youbaptist.html?paging=off"&gt;So You're a Baptist— | Books and Culture&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-3293744470565483186?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://www.booksandculture.com/articles/2011/julaug/youbaptist.html?paging=off' title='So You&apos;re a Baptist— | Books and Culture'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/3293744470565483186/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=3293744470565483186' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/3293744470565483186'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/3293744470565483186'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2011/07/so-youre-baptist-books-and-culture.html' title='So You&apos;re a Baptist— | Books and Culture'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-1286459450365418436</id><published>2011-02-26T04:10:00.001Z</published><updated>2011-02-26T04:10:02.249Z</updated><title type='text'>Post-secular Development.....Spiritual Economies....</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class=""&gt;&lt;div class="Amp_Content_Outer"&gt;&lt;div class="Amp_Top_Wrap"&gt;&lt;div class="Amp_Source_First"&gt;&lt;span&gt;Amplify&amp;rsquo;d from &lt;a rel="clipsource" target="_blank" title="http://blogs.ssrc.org/tif/2011/02/25/post-secular-development/" href="http://blogs.ssrc.org/tif/2011/02/25/post-secular-development/"&gt;blogs.ssrc.org&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="Amp_Middle_Wrap"&gt;&lt;blockquote class="Amp_Content_Item" cite="http://blogs.ssrc.org/tif/2011/02/25/post-secular-development/"&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;div class="TxtCntnt"&gt;For the past eight years, I have been studying the emergence of what might be referred to as &amp;#8220;post-secular development&amp;#8221; in Southeast Asia. I have &lt;a rel="nofollow"  href="http://culanth.org/?q=node/219" title="RUDNYCKYJ, 2009 | Cultural Anthropology"&gt;documented&lt;/a&gt; initiatives in contemporary Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore that have formulated a mode of Islamic practice conducive to corporate success and transnational competitiveness. In documenting this phenomenon, I have argued that, whereas much of the post-colonial history of what were formerly called &amp;#8220;developing nations&amp;#8221; was characterized by what the anthropologist James Ferguson has referred to as &amp;#8220;faith in development,&amp;#8221; recent efforts to merge Islamic practice with scientific and technical knowledge instead represent efforts to develop faith.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span class="Amp_Source_Button"&gt;&lt;a rel="clipsource" target="_blank" title="http://blogs.ssrc.org/tif/2011/02/25/post-secular-development/" href="http://blogs.ssrc.org/tif/2011/02/25/post-secular-development/"&gt;Read more at blogs.ssrc.org&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="Amp_Bottom_Wrap"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="Amp_Link"&gt;See this Amp at &lt;a href="http://amplify.com/u/brshh"&gt;http://amplify.com/u/brshh&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-1286459450365418436?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/1286459450365418436/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=1286459450365418436' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/1286459450365418436'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/1286459450365418436'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2011/02/post-secular-developmentspiritual.html' title='Post-secular Development.....Spiritual Economies....'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-3456873109524291329</id><published>2011-01-20T12:40:00.000Z</published><updated>2011-01-20T12:40:36.761Z</updated><title type='text'>Amazon.com: Theological Dictionary of the New Testament (10 Volume Set) (9780802823243): Gerhard Kittel, Gerhard Friedrich: Books</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://www.amazon.com/Theological-Dictionary-New-Testament-Set/dp/0802823246/ref=cm_cmu_pg_t"&gt;Amazon.com: Theological Dictionary of the New Testament (10 Volume Set) (9780802823243): Gerhard Kittel, Gerhard Friedrich: Books&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-3456873109524291329?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://www.amazon.com/Theological-Dictionary-New-Testament-Set/dp/0802823246/ref=cm_cmu_pg_t' title='Amazon.com: Theological Dictionary of the New Testament (10 Volume Set) (9780802823243): Gerhard Kittel, Gerhard Friedrich: Books'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/3456873109524291329/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=3456873109524291329' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/3456873109524291329'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/3456873109524291329'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2011/01/amazoncom-theological-dictionary-of-new.html' title='Amazon.com: Theological Dictionary of the New Testament (10 Volume Set) (9780802823243): Gerhard Kittel, Gerhard Friedrich: Books'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-4014892151992712432</id><published>2011-01-20T12:37:00.000Z</published><updated>2011-01-20T12:37:55.834Z</updated><title type='text'>Amazon.com: Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament (Set) (9780802823380): G. Johannes Botterweck, Helmer Ringgren: Books</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://www.amazon.com/Theological-Dictionary-Old-Testament-Set/dp/0802823386"&gt;Amazon.com: Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament (Set) (9780802823380): G. Johannes Botterweck, Helmer Ringgren: Books&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-4014892151992712432?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://www.amazon.com/Theological-Dictionary-Old-Testament-Set/dp/0802823386' title='Amazon.com: Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament (Set) (9780802823380): G. Johannes Botterweck, Helmer Ringgren: Books'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/4014892151992712432/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=4014892151992712432' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/4014892151992712432'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/4014892151992712432'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2011/01/amazoncom-theological-dictionary-of-old.html' title='Amazon.com: Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament (Set) (9780802823380): G. Johannes Botterweck, Helmer Ringgren: Books'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-2209335137889632464</id><published>2011-01-18T03:24:00.001Z</published><updated>2011-01-18T03:24:06.488Z</updated><title type='text'>轉載:揭示意識形態/權勢的虛假</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class=""&gt;&lt;div class="Amp_Content_Outer"&gt;&lt;div class="Amp_Top_Wrap"&gt;&lt;div class="Amp_Source_First"&gt;&lt;span&gt;Amplify&amp;rsquo;d from &lt;a rel="clipsource" target="_blank" title="http://christiantimes.org.hk/Common/Reader/News/ShowNews.jsp?Nid=64329&amp;Pid=1&amp;Version=0&amp;Cid=145&amp;Charset=big5_hkscs" href="http://christiantimes.org.hk/Common/Reader/News/ShowNews.jsp?Nid=64329&amp;Pid=1&amp;Version=0&amp;Cid=145&amp;Charset=big5_hkscs"&gt;christiantimes.org.hk&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="Amp_Middle_Wrap"&gt;&lt;blockquote class="Amp_Content_Item" cite="http://christiantimes.org.hk/Common/Reader/News/ShowNews.jsp?Nid=64329&amp;Pid=1&amp;Version=0&amp;Cid=145&amp;Charset=big5_hkscs"&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;div class="TxtCntnt"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&amp;#20839;&amp;#23481;&amp;#65306;&amp;#25581;&amp;#31034;&amp;#24847;&amp;#35672;&amp;#24418;&amp;#24907;/&amp;#27402;&amp;#21218;&amp;#30340;&amp;#34395;&amp;#20551;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;#23601;&amp;#20839;&amp;#23481;&amp;#20358;&amp;#35498;&amp;#65292;&amp;#23403;&amp;#23542;&amp;#29618;&amp;#25552;&amp;#21040;&amp;#21855;&amp;#31034;&amp;#37636;&amp;#30340;&amp;#29544;&amp;#29305;&amp;#20043;&amp;#34389;&amp;#22312;&amp;#26044;&amp;#28966;&amp;#32858;&amp;#22312;&amp;#31434;&amp;#36382;&amp;#31070;&amp;#20301;&amp;#32622;&amp;#30340;&amp;#24847;&amp;#35672;&amp;#24418;&amp;#24907;/&amp;#27402;&amp;#21218;&amp;#65292;&amp;#20854;&amp;#20013;&amp;#22320;&amp;#19978;&amp;#30340;&amp;#27402;&amp;#21218;&amp;#21450;&amp;#20854;&amp;#34892;&amp;#28858;&amp;#33267;&amp;#28858;&amp;#26126;&amp;#39023;&amp;#65288;&amp;#21313;&amp;#20108;&amp;#33267;&amp;#21313;&amp;#19977;&amp;#65289;&amp;#12290;&amp;#21855;&amp;#31034;&amp;#37636;&amp;#30340;&amp;#26234;&amp;#24935;&amp;#65292;&amp;#23601;&amp;#26159;&amp;#25581;&amp;#31034;&amp;#24847;&amp;#35672;&amp;#24418;&amp;#24907;/&amp;#27402;&amp;#21218;&amp;#30340;&amp;#34395;&amp;#20551;&amp;#65292;&amp;#21628;&amp;#21914;&amp;#20154;&amp;#22238;&amp;#36681;&amp;#30495;&amp;#27491;&amp;#30340;&amp;#20027;&amp;#23472;&amp;#21450;&amp;#20854;&amp;#21109;&amp;#36896;&amp;#24515;&amp;#24847;&amp;#12290;&amp;#23403;&amp;#23542;&amp;#29618;&amp;#24341;&amp;#29992;Pablo Richard&amp;#30340;&amp;#35441;&amp;#65306;&amp;#12300;&amp;#22825;&amp;#21855;&amp;#20316;&amp;#21697;&amp;#26159;&amp;#24847;&amp;#35672;&amp;#24418;&amp;#24907;&amp;#30340;&amp;#23565;&amp;#38957;&amp;#8230;&amp;#8230;[&amp;#24460;&amp;#32773;]&amp;#36974;&amp;#25513;&amp;#30495;&amp;#30456;&amp;#20006;&amp;#19988;&amp;#21512;&amp;#29702;&amp;#21270;&amp;#27450;&amp;#22739;&amp;#12301;&amp;#65292;&amp;#20006;&amp;#25552;&amp;#21040;&amp;#12300;&amp;#24847;&amp;#35672;&amp;#24418;&amp;#24907;&amp;#19977;&amp;#37096;&amp;#26354;&amp;#12301;&amp;#65288;John B. 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text-indent: 24pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: &amp;quot;新細明體&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;"&gt;常想提筆談談我們大家共同的心願，就是心境與關係，會通與轉化，卻似乎總等不著那個恰當的時機，現在大概就是了。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: &amp;quot;新細明體&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;"&gt;昨晚偶然厚基、啟銘、冠任、文杰、維康，以及我在野鹿館上廳深談，欲罷不能，像我們過去常常停不了那樣。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: &amp;quot;新細明體&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;"&gt;談起了心靈的共識，比如服事人就是服事主，放棄權利，小事忠心，退讓與包容，愛你的仇敵，凡有的還要加給他，似乎貧窮卻是富足等等，大家用誠心的禱告結束時，原來已是凌晨一點多了。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: &amp;quot;新細明體&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;"&gt;今天讀報紙提及，台北市建國假日花市舉行&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;新細明體&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;"&gt;「百花品嚐會」&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: &amp;quot;新細明體&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;"&gt;，圖文並茂，告訴我們菊花生魚片，玫瑰花瓣生拌沙拉，多麼可口啊！中國人真是愛講&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;新細明體&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;"&gt;「用」&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: &amp;quot;新細明體&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;"&gt;！花看不飽，用吃的比較好。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;新細明體&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;"&gt;──昨晚的那些有「用」的心靈原則&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: &amp;quot;新細明體&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;"&gt;，正是基層的日常人生最有用的信仰真理。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: &amp;quot;新細明體&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;"&gt;談到這裡，你可以明白會通與轉化是仍然在發展中。&lt;/span&gt;......&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-6409446631612195995?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://heart-centered.blogspot.com/' title='恩典的緣'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/6409446631612195995/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=6409446631612195995' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/6409446631612195995'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/6409446631612195995'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2011/01/blog-post.html' title='恩典的緣'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-2305655915882275102</id><published>2011-01-01T14:50:00.000Z</published><updated>2011-01-01T14:50:36.933Z</updated><title type='text'>Distinguished Dissertations in Christian Theology</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://www.ctrf.info/"&gt;         &lt;img align="top" border="0" height="183" src="http://www2.luthersem.edu/dds/CTRF/images/CTRFxo.gif" width="179" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.luthersem.edu/word&amp;amp;world/"&gt;         &lt;img align="top" border="0" height="106" src="http://www2.luthersem.edu/dds/CTRF/images/W&amp;amp;Wlogo.gif" width="179" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"&gt;         &lt;a href="http://www2.luthersem.edu/dds/index.htm"&gt;&lt;span style="color: purple;"&gt;Purpose &amp;amp; Mission&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="color: purple;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;           &lt;a href="http://www2.luthersem.edu/dds/submission.htm"&gt;&lt;span style="color: purple;"&gt;Submissions&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="color: purple;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www2.luthersem.edu/dds/editorial.htm"&gt;&lt;span style="color: purple;"&gt;Editorial Board&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www2.luthersem.edu/dds/Volumes/index2volumes.htm"&gt;Volumes&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;span style="color: purple; font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"&gt;For more          info, contact&lt;br /&gt;DDCT General Editors:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="mailto:beth.jones@wheaton.edu"&gt;   &lt;span style="color: purple; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"&gt;Beth    Felker Jones&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;span style="color: purple;"&gt;          and &lt;i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="mailto:apadgett@luthersem.edu"&gt;         &lt;span style="color: purple;"&gt;Alan G. Padgett&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="Section1"&gt;         &lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www2.luthersem.edu/dds/index.htm"&gt;&amp;nbsp;Distinguished    Dissertations in    Christian Theology &lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="" id="purpose" name="purpose"&gt;&lt;b&gt; &lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;Our              Purpose&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The Distinguished Dissertations in Christian Theology series provides for    the publication              of outstanding recent doctoral dissertations in the field              of Christian systematic and moral theology. This series is sponsored              by the &lt;a href="http://www.ctrf.info/"&gt;           &lt;span style="color: purple;"&gt;Christian              Theological Research Fellowship&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, and the journal &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.luthersem.edu/word&amp;amp;world/"&gt;           &lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="color: purple;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.luthersem.edu/word&amp;amp;world/"&gt;Word              &amp;amp; World&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: purple;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.luthersem.edu/word&amp;amp;world/"&gt;:Theology            for Christian Ministry&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt; It is hosted and published    online by            &lt;a href="http://www.luthersem.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;Luther Seminary&lt;/a&gt; in Saint Paul, Minnesota (the publisher of &lt;i&gt;Word &amp;amp;            World&lt;/i&gt;).&amp;nbsp; Our print publisher is Pickwick Publications (Wipf and    Stock) at &lt;a href="http://www.wipfandstock.com/"&gt;www.wipfandstock.com&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span&gt;Our Mission&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;The Christian Theological Research Fellowship is a distinctively              Christian research organization in systematic and moral theology,              and related disciplines. The society exists to promote and sustain              fellowship and truth-seeking (&lt;i&gt;fides quaerens intellectum&lt;/i&gt;) in              theological reflection upon the Christian faith, within the mainstream              of the Christian tradition. We see ourselves as a spiritual fellowship              in service to the Church of Messiah Jesus.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: medium;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www2.luthersem.edu/dds/Volumes/index2volumes.htm"&gt;Volumes In Print&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-2305655915882275102?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/2305655915882275102/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=2305655915882275102' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/2305655915882275102'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/2305655915882275102'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2011/01/distinguished-dissertations-in.html' title='Distinguished Dissertations in Christian Theology'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-7055443406671379636</id><published>2010-12-27T13:26:00.000Z</published><updated>2010-12-27T13:26:36.097Z</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='interpretation'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='reflexivity'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='book'/><title type='text'>好友推薦：反思轉向</title><content type='html'>讓我最深興趣的是這一句介紹：&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman,細明體; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 28px;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman,細明體; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 28px;"&gt;反思「學者身分」與「田野現場」的難分難捨&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;table border="0"&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr valign="top"&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr valign="top"&gt;&lt;td width="105"&gt; &lt;img align="left" border="0" src="http://addons.books.com.tw/G/001/8/0010485918.jpg" width="100" /&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman,細明體; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 28px;"&gt;&lt;span style="color: blue;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;傷心人類學&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;露思‧貝哈（Ruth Behar）著，黃珮玲、黃恩霖譯，群學出版公司，320元 &lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman,細明體; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 28px;"&gt;&lt;span style="color: brown;"&gt;推薦理由：&lt;/span&gt;美國社會科學界「反思轉向」（reflexive turn）的代表作，藉由反思「學者身分」與「田野現場」的難分難捨，闡明社會變遷下更深刻的道德困境與結構難題，學術命題中極其少見之──引你帶著淚光一口氣讀完的知性之作。（詹偉雄）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-7055443406671379636?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/7055443406671379636/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=7055443406671379636' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/7055443406671379636'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/7055443406671379636'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/12/blog-post.html' title='好友推薦：反思轉向'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-5499427786768764961</id><published>2010-12-19T02:23:00.000Z</published><updated>2010-12-19T02:23:42.341Z</updated><title type='text'>Taize Worship</title><content type='html'>&lt;iframe src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/TQZgOLSiVjY?fs=1" frameborder="0" height="344" width="425"&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-5499427786768764961?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/5499427786768764961/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=5499427786768764961' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/5499427786768764961'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/5499427786768764961'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/12/taize-worship.html' title='Taize Worship'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://img.youtube.com/vi/TQZgOLSiVjY/default.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-7278770094058813490</id><published>2010-12-19T02:19:00.000Z</published><updated>2010-12-19T02:19:52.553Z</updated><title type='text'>JESUS, REMEMBER ME!  (Taizé)</title><content type='html'>&lt;iframe src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/HoX8EYgnO4c?fs=1" frameborder="0" height="344" width="425"&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-7278770094058813490?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/7278770094058813490/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=7278770094058813490' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/7278770094058813490'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/7278770094058813490'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/12/jesus-remember-me-taize.html' title='JESUS, REMEMBER ME!  (Taizé)'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://img.youtube.com/vi/HoX8EYgnO4c/default.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-2727971645254515276</id><published>2010-12-18T04:27:00.002Z</published><updated>2010-12-18T04:27:39.895Z</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='interpretation'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='OT'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Narrative'/><title type='text'>Free Articles of Antony Campbell from AusBR</title><content type='html'>&lt;table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="4" class="body2" style="width: 700px;"&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="abrind" colspan="3"&gt;Campbell, Antony F.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="10"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td width="450"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.fbs.org.au/articles/Campbell27.pdf"&gt;The Yahwist Revisited&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align="left" valign="bottom" width="120"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.fbs.org.au/abrindex3.html#vol27"&gt;1979: 27.2–14&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="http://www.fbs.org.au/articles/Campbell27.pdf"&gt;&lt;img alt="View" height="17" src="http://www.fbs.org.au/images/pdf.gif" width="17" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="10"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td width="450"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.fbs.org.au/articles/Campbell34.pdf"&gt;From Philistine to Throne (1 Samuel 16:14–18:16)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align="left" valign="bottom" width="120"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.fbs.org.au/abrindex4.html#vol34"&gt;1986: 34.35–41&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="http://www.fbs.org.au/articles/Campbell34.pdf"&gt;&lt;img alt="View" height="17" src="http://www.fbs.org.au/images/pdf.gif" width="17" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="10"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td width="450"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.fbs.org.au/articles/Campbell39.pdf"&gt;Past History and Present Text: The Clash of Classical and Post-Critical Approaches to Biblical Text&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align="left" valign="bottom" width="120"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.fbs.org.au/abrindex5.html#vol39"&gt;1991: 39.1–18&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="http://www.fbs.org.au/articles/Campbell39.pdf"&gt;&lt;img alt="View" height="17" src="http://www.fbs.org.au/images/pdf.gif" width="17" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="10"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td width="450"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.fbs.org.au/articles/Campbell48.pdf"&gt;Women Storytellers in Ancient Israel&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align="left" valign="bottom" width="120"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.fbs.org.au/abrindex6.html#vol48"&gt;2000: 48.72–73&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="http://www.fbs.org.au/articles/Campbell48.pdf"&gt;&lt;img alt="View" height="17" src="http://www.fbs.org.au/images/pdf.gif" width="17" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="10"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td width="450"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.fbs.org.au/articles/Campbell50.pdf"&gt;Invitation or …? The Bible’s Role&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align="left" valign="bottom" width="120"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.fbs.org.au/abrindex6.html#vol50"&gt;2002: 50.1–9&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="http://www.fbs.org.au/articles/Campbell50.pdf"&gt;&lt;img alt="View" height="17" src="http://www.fbs.org.au/images/pdf.gif" width="17" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="10"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td width="450"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.fbs.org.au/articles/Campbell51.pdf"&gt;The Book of Job: Two Questions, One Answer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align="left" valign="bottom" width="120"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.fbs.org.au/abrindex6.html#vol51"&gt;2003: 51.15–25&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="http://www.fbs.org.au/articles/Campbell51.pdf"&gt;&lt;img alt="View" height="17" src="http://www.fbs.org.au/images/pdf.gif" width="17" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-2727971645254515276?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/2727971645254515276/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=2727971645254515276' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/2727971645254515276'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/2727971645254515276'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/12/free-articles-of-antony-campbell-from.html' title='Free Articles of Antony Campbell from AusBR'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-4424707479454230528</id><published>2010-12-11T04:53:00.001Z</published><updated>2010-12-11T05:23:40.129Z</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='theological education'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='spirituality'/><title type='text'>Palmer on Education</title><content type='html'>Some books I think should be helpful for theological educators by Palmer:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/reader/0470487909/ref=sib_dp_pt#reader-link"&gt;&lt;img alt="The Heart of Higher Education: A Call to Renewal (Jossey-Bass Higher and Adult Education)" border="0" height="300" id="prodImage" src="http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/51yXrxzeQNL._BO2,204,203,200_PIsitb-sticker-arrow-click,TopRight,35,-76_AA300_SH20_OU01_.jpg" width="300" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/reader/0787996866/ref=sib_dp_pt#reader-link"&gt;&lt;img alt="The Courage to Teach: Exploring the Inner Landscape of a Teacher's Life,  10th Anniversary Edition" border="0" height="300" id="prodImage" src="http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/51%2BPPhYrwzL._BO2,204,203,200_PIsitb-sticker-arrow-click,TopRight,35,-76_AA300_SH20_OU01_.jpg" width="300" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-4424707479454230528?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/4424707479454230528/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=4424707479454230528' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/4424707479454230528'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/4424707479454230528'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/12/palmer-on-education.html' title='Palmer on Education'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-7363309437042591040</id><published>2010-12-11T04:23:00.000Z</published><updated>2010-12-11T04:23:15.738Z</updated><title type='text'>Vicsforum - One man's forum: 2010年諾貝爾和平獎委員會主席亞格蘭演辭全文</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://vicsforum.blogspot.com/2010/12/2010.html"&gt;Vicsforum - One man's forum: 2010年諾貝爾和平獎委員會主席亞格蘭演辭全文&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-7363309437042591040?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://vicsforum.blogspot.com/2010/12/2010.html' title='Vicsforum - One man&apos;s forum: 2010年諾貝爾和平獎委員會主席亞格蘭演辭全文'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/7363309437042591040/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=7363309437042591040' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/7363309437042591040'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/7363309437042591040'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/12/vicsforum-one-mans-forum-2010.html' title='Vicsforum - One man&apos;s forum: 2010年諾貝爾和平獎委員會主席亞格蘭演辭全文'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-8827233036051517032</id><published>2010-12-11T03:52:00.000Z</published><updated>2010-12-11T03:52:55.539Z</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='theology'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='spirituality'/><title type='text'>Parker Palmer from Wikipedia</title><content type='html'>This is what is said about Parker Palmer in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parker_Palmer"&gt;Wiki&lt;/a&gt;, I like it.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;Palmer suggests that a hybrid between the two is the mix where spirituality finds a balance, because “before you can have a spiritual life, you must first have a life,” - a life immersed in the active world. It is a world where one is alone and also part of a community. A spiritual life is not one which flees the world of action. He contends that when one becomes disillusioned by an experience or false value system, that person experiences reality. He believes disillusionment is the journey God takes us on, away from fiction and fantasy toward reality and truth. These experiences can be very painful. Five examples of illusion he covered during the talk are: the world as a battleground, scarcity, I am what I do, only cultivating rewarded talent, and finally that everything must be measurable.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Palmer launched into a discussion of faith as a misunderstood word. Faith is not a set of beliefs we are supposed to sign up for he says. It is instead the courage to face our illusions and allow ourselves to be disillusioned by them. It is the courage to walk through our illusions and dispel them. He states the opposite of faith is not doubt, it is fear - fear of abandoning illusions because of our comfort level with them. For example, not everything is measurable and yet so much of what we do has that yardstick applied to it. Another illusion is “I am what I do .... my worth comes from my functioning. If there is to be any love for us, we must succeed at something.” He says in this example that it is more important to be a “human being” rather than a “human doing.” We are not what we do. We are who we are. The rigors of trying to be faithful involves being faithful to one's gifts, faithful to other's reality, faithful to the larger need in which we are all embedded, faithful to the possibilities inherent in our common life.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-8827233036051517032?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/8827233036051517032/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=8827233036051517032' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/8827233036051517032'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/8827233036051517032'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/12/parker-palmer-from-wikipedia.html' title='Parker Palmer from Wikipedia'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-580142562847378428</id><published>2010-10-27T01:28:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-10-27T01:28:38.074+01:00</updated><title type='text'>N. T. Wright Chapel Message Wheaton College 1 part</title><content type='html'>&lt;object style="background-image: url(&amp;quot;http://i3.ytimg.com/vi/JANuqgm4VN8/hqdefault.jpg&amp;quot;);" width="425" height="344"&gt;&lt;param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/JANuqgm4VN8?fs=1&amp;amp;hl=en_US"&gt;&lt;param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"&gt;&lt;param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"&gt;&lt;embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/JANuqgm4VN8?fs=1&amp;amp;hl=en_US" allowscriptaccess="never" allowfullscreen="true" wmode="transparent" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="425" height="344"&gt;&lt;/embed&gt;&lt;/object&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-580142562847378428?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/580142562847378428/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=580142562847378428' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/580142562847378428'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/580142562847378428'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/10/n-t-wright-chapel-message-wheaton.html' title='N. T. Wright Chapel Message Wheaton College 1 part'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-3758137294127106584</id><published>2010-09-23T05:12:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-09-23T05:12:53.785+01:00</updated><title type='text'>Wisdom about Words | Jesus Creed</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://www.patheos.com/community/jesuscreed/2010/09/22/wisdom-about-words/"&gt;Wisdom about Words | Jesus Creed&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-3758137294127106584?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://www.patheos.com/community/jesuscreed/2010/09/22/wisdom-about-words/' title='Wisdom about Words | Jesus Creed'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/3758137294127106584/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=3758137294127106584' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/3758137294127106584'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/3758137294127106584'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/09/wisdom-about-words-jesus-creed.html' title='Wisdom about Words | Jesus Creed'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-4982956282387092621</id><published>2010-09-22T07:19:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-09-22T07:19:42.383+01:00</updated><title type='text'>Amazon.com: Sexuality in the New Testament: Understanding the Key Texts (9780664231613): William Loader: Books</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://www.amazon.com/Sexuality-New-Testament-Understanding-Texts/dp/0664231616"&gt;Amazon.com: Sexuality in the New Testament: Understanding the Key Texts (9780664231613): William Loader: Books&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-4982956282387092621?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://www.amazon.com/Sexuality-New-Testament-Understanding-Texts/dp/0664231616' title='Amazon.com: Sexuality in the New Testament: Understanding the Key Texts (9780664231613): William Loader: Books'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/4982956282387092621/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=4982956282387092621' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/4982956282387092621'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/4982956282387092621'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/09/amazoncom-sexuality-in-new-testament.html' title='Amazon.com: Sexuality in the New Testament: Understanding the Key Texts (9780664231613): William Loader: Books'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-1155830020142375200</id><published>2010-09-22T07:18:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-09-22T07:18:17.803+01:00</updated><title type='text'>Amazon.com: Slaves, Women &amp; Homosexuals: Exploring the Hermeneutics of Cultural Analysis (9780830815616): William J. Webb: Books</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://www.amazon.com/Slaves-Women-Homosexuals-Exploring-Hermeneutics/dp/0830815619"&gt;Amazon.com: Slaves, Women &amp;amp; Homosexuals: Exploring the Hermeneutics of Cultural Analysis (9780830815616): William J. Webb: Books&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-1155830020142375200?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://www.amazon.com/Slaves-Women-Homosexuals-Exploring-Hermeneutics/dp/0830815619' title='Amazon.com: Slaves, Women &amp; Homosexuals: Exploring the Hermeneutics of Cultural Analysis (9780830815616): William J. Webb: Books'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/1155830020142375200/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=1155830020142375200' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/1155830020142375200'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/1155830020142375200'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/09/amazoncom-slaves-women-homosexuals.html' title='Amazon.com: Slaves, Women &amp; Homosexuals: Exploring the Hermeneutics of Cultural Analysis (9780830815616): William J. Webb: Books'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-911489944894208567</id><published>2010-09-20T04:45:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-09-20T04:45:43.866+01:00</updated><title type='text'>童女馬利亞生子有何涵義？</title><content type='html'>馬利亞不婚而孕，有甚麼涵義？&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;一位朋友這麼問我？通常這問題常被引導到自然和超自然的論證。但我想比較理想的第一步詮釋，是回到聖經的敘事來理解。童女懷孕回應的是以賽亞書第七章十四節所提：＂&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;因此主自己必給你們一個兆頭：看哪！必有童女懷孕生子；她要給他起名叫‘以馬內利’。＂當時猶大王亞哈斯面對北國以色列和亞蘭王聯手的危脅，告訴他不必擔心，因為這兩王存在之日必不久，上帝要興起亞述來消滅他們。這事必要成就，上帝的安慰說（十六節）：＂&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;因為在這孩子曉得棄惡擇善之先，你所畏懼的那兩個王之地，早就被棄絕了。＂&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;以馬內利，希伯來文意思是上帝與我們同在，&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;第二個角度可以考慮的是，舊約敘事裡，上帝賜不孕者得子，反映一個信息，得不得子，懷不懷孕，關鍵在於神不在人。比如說亞伯拉罕以妻年邁得子，再比如說&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;，&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;創廿九章卅一節說：＂耶和華見利亞失寵，就使她生育，拉結卻不生育。＂卅章一節二節又記載：＂&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;拉結見自己沒有給雅各生孩子，就嫉妒她的姊姊，對雅各說：“你要給我兒子，不然，我要死了。”雅各的回答是：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;＂使你不能生育的是　神，我能代替他嗎？”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;撒母耳記提到哈拿無子甚苦，禱告獲子。馬太福音的敘述以舊約以賽亞的經文重新詮釋，對耶穌的降生給予一個有歷史前例超越前者的涵義。以前是作為貞兆，表示耶和華的作為和拯救，現在的拯救是更勝從前的。以前雖叫以馬內利，現在的耶穌基督，本身就是以馬內利的活化，是上帝自己的道成肉身（比較約翰福音第一章）。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;路加福音的敘述重點放在上帝能使無子者得子，能行這樣的超然神蹟。以利沙伯不能生育，但上帝賜子，（施洗約翰的敘事和以賽亞之敘事：蜂蜜等有重疊交錯的現象）。同樣的，如果無子得子鍵不在人，而在神，童女得子又何難之有（此處在馬太筆下已成為未婚童女，有別於以賽亞書泛指女子）。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;保羅說（羅一3b至4）：＂&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;按肉身說，他是從大衛的後裔生的；&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;按聖潔的靈說，因為從死人中復活，顯明他是大有能力的、　神的兒子（“顯明他是大有能力的、　神的兒子”或譯：“以大能顯明他是　神的兒子”）。＂此外，可能為了區別耶穌和其他人，一者從神意生，一者從人意生，由童女所生便具有特別涵義了。誠如人重生的比喻，也是要強調，是神生的，約翰一書也提到從神生的才是神的兒女。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;朋友也問：同時代的人如何看待這件事。我想從福音書裡記載說約瑟要暗暗地把馬利亞休了的想法來看，童女懷孕是不名譽的。但約瑟被天使提醒要把馬利亞娶過來，當作沒事發生一般。至於說耶穌時代的人，他成長期間，有人知道他是童女懷孕而生的嗎？我想可能不一定有。他的鄉親豈不是說：那不是在我們那裡（拿撒勒）長大的約瑟的兒子嗎？只是福音書（路加）一而再的透過馬利亞的內心，指出馬利亞這當事人自天使向她顯現至懷孕生子至看著耶穌長大，總是暗暗的思量。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;福音書是一層一層的指出並辨證耶穌是上帝的獨生子，是童女馬利亞所生，是以馬內利，其高峰是約翰福音，裡頭的論述反映耶穌與上帝幾乎同等的地位。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;附錄經文（一）以賽亞書七章&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0"&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan="4" valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;二王一同攻打耶路撒冷&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="20"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="12"&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="10"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;烏西雅的孫子、約坦的兒子猶大王亞哈斯在位的日子，亞蘭王利汛和利瑪利的兒子以色列王比加，上來攻打耶路撒冷，卻不能把它攻陷。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="20"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="12"&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="10"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;有人告訴大衛家說：“亞蘭已經在以法蓮地安營。”王的心和人民的心就都震動，像林中的樹被風搖動一樣。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td colspan="4" valign="TOP"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td colspan="4" valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;先知安慰亞哈斯&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="20"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="12"&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="10"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;耶和華對以賽亞說：“你和你的兒子施亞雅述出去，在上池的水溝盡頭，就是在漂布者田間的大路上，去迎接亞哈斯，&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="20"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="12"&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="10"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;對他說：‘你要謹慎，要鎮定，不要因亞蘭王利汛和利瑪利的兒子這兩個冒煙的火把頭所發的怒氣而害怕，也不要心裡膽怯。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="20"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="12"&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="10"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;因為亞蘭、以法蓮和利瑪利的兒子，設惡謀要害你，說：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="20"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="12"&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="10"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;“我們可以上去攻打猶大，擾亂她，把她攻佔過來，歸我們所有，又在其中立他比勒的兒子作王。”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="20"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="12"&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="10"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;因此，主耶和華這樣說：“這計謀必立不住，也不能成就，&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="20"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="12"&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="10"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;因為亞蘭的首都是大馬士革，大馬士革的首領是利汛；六十五年之內，以法蓮必定毀滅，不再成為一族之民。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="20"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="12"&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="10"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;以法蓮的首都是撒瑪利亞，撒瑪利亞的首領是利瑪利的兒子；你們若不相信，就必定不得堅立。”’”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td colspan="4" valign="TOP"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td colspan="4" valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;以馬內利的兆頭&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="20"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="12"&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="10"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;耶和華又告訴亞哈斯說：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="20"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="12"&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;11&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="10"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;“你向耶和華你的　神求一個兆頭，或求顯在深處，或求顯在高處。”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="20"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="12"&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="10"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;但亞哈斯說：“我不求，我不試探耶和華。”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="20"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="12"&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="10"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;以賽亞說：“大衛家啊，你們要聽！你們使人厭煩還算小事，還要使我的　神厭煩嗎？&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="20"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="12"&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;14&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="10"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;因此主自己必給你們一個兆頭：看哪！必有童女懷孕生子；她要給他起名叫‘以馬內利’。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="20"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="12"&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="10"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;到他曉得棄惡擇善的時候，他必吃乳酪和蜂蜜。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="20"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="12"&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;16&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="10"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;因為在這孩子曉得棄惡擇善之先，你所畏懼的那兩個王之地，早就被棄絕了。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td colspan="4" valign="TOP"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td colspan="4" valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;預言敵人將要入侵&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="20"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="12"&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;17&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="10"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;“耶和華必使災難的日子臨到你和你的人民，以及你的父家，自從以法蓮脫離猶大以來，未曾有過這樣的日子，就是亞述王的入侵。”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="20"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="12"&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="10"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;到那時，耶和華必發出哨聲，把埃及河流盡頭的蒼蠅和亞述地的蜂子召來。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="20"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="12"&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;19&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="10"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;牠們都必飛來，落在荒谷中、巖石的穴裡、一切荊棘叢中和所有的草場上。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="20"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="12"&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;20&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="10"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;到那日，主必用大河那邊租來的剃刀，就是亞述王，剃去你們的頭髮和腳上的毛，並且剃淨你們的鬍鬚。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;br /&gt;第八章&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0"&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan="4" valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;預言災難快到&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="20"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="12"&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="10"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;耶和華對我說：“你拿一塊大版，用通用的文字寫上‘瑪黑珥．沙拉勒．哈施．罷斯’（“瑪黑珥．沙拉勒．哈施．罷斯”意即“趕快擄掠，急速奪取”）。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="20"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="12"&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="10"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;我要叫兩個誠實的見證人，就是烏利亞祭司和耶比利家的兒子撒迦利亞，來為我作見證。”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="20"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="12"&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="10"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;我親近了女先知，就是我妻子，她就懷孕生子。耶和華對我說：“給他起名叫‘瑪黑珥．沙拉勒．哈施．罷斯’，&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="20"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="12"&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="10"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;因為在這孩子曉得喊叫父母以先，大馬士革的財寶和撒瑪利亞的擄物，必在亞述王面前被搬了去。”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td colspan="4" valign="TOP"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td colspan="4" valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;亞述入侵&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="20"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="12"&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="10"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;耶和華又再告訴我說：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="20"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="12"&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="10"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;“這子民既然厭棄了西羅亞緩流的水，卻喜悅利汛和利瑪利的兒子，&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="20"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="12"&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="10"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;因此，主必使大河又強又大的水臨到他們，就是亞述王和他一切威榮，水必漲起來，高過所有的水道；水要氾濫，漫過所有的河岸；&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="20"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="12"&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="10"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;然後必沖入猶大，漲溢氾濫，直到頸項，以馬內利啊！它展開的翅膀必遮遍你廣闊的地土。”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="20"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="12"&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="10"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;列國之民啊！你們儘管作惡，但你們終必毀滅！所有在遠處的人民啊，要留心聽！你們儘管束腰吧，你們終必毀滅！你們儘管束腰吧，你們終必毀滅！&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="20"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="12"&gt;&lt;span style="color: red; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="10"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;你們儘管計劃陰謀吧，這些終必失敗；你們儘管提議吧，這些終必不能成立，因為　神與我們同在。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td valign="TOP"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-911489944894208567?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/911489944894208567/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=911489944894208567' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/911489944894208567'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/911489944894208567'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/09/blog-post_20.html' title='童女馬利亞生子有何涵義？'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-2903082650747358974</id><published>2010-09-19T12:09:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-09-19T12:09:31.156+01:00</updated><title type='text'>Video Seminars &amp; The Word on The Word</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://www.apostolicbible.com/videoseminars.htm"&gt;Video Seminars &amp;amp; The Word on The Word&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-2903082650747358974?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' 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Word'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-9080882780047208505</id><published>2010-09-19T11:27:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-09-19T11:27:39.374+01:00</updated><title type='text'>Help Wanted: Abuses against Female ... - Google Books</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://books.google.com.my/books?id=hWVkSf3D8OoC&amp;amp;pg=PA20&amp;amp;dq=marriage+problem+in+malaysia&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;ei=_s6VTNOGAYSmcPzoiaQF&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;oi=book_result&amp;amp;ct=result&amp;amp;resnum=2&amp;amp;ved=0CDkQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=marriage%20problem%20in%20malaysia&amp;amp;f=true"&gt;Help Wanted: Abuses against Female ... - Google Books&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-9080882780047208505?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://books.google.com.my/books?id=hWVkSf3D8OoC&amp;pg=PA20&amp;dq=marriage+problem+in+malaysia&amp;hl=en&amp;ei=_s6VTNOGAYSmcPzoiaQF&amp;sa=X&amp;oi=book_result&amp;ct=result&amp;resnum=2&amp;ved=0CDkQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&amp;q=marriage%20problem%20in%20malaysia&amp;f=true' title='Help Wanted: Abuses against Female ... - Google Books'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/9080882780047208505/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=9080882780047208505' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/9080882780047208505'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/9080882780047208505'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/09/help-wanted-abuses-against-female.html' title='Help Wanted: Abuses against Female ... - Google Books'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-7798700075055235123</id><published>2010-09-19T08:37:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-09-19T08:37:29.064+01:00</updated><title type='text'>2010-09-02-hays-sermon.pdf (application/pdf Object)</title><content type='html'>Richard Hays, the new Dean of Duke Divinity School says, "As I have newly assumed the role of Dean of the Divinity School, I have found myself thinking ......&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://divinity.duke.edu/sites/default/files/documents/news/2010-09-02-hays-sermon.pdf"&gt;2010-09-02-hays-sermon.pdf (application/pdf Object)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-7798700075055235123?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' 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Object)'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-1014990390726173632</id><published>2010-09-08T01:48:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-09-08T01:48:30.715+01:00</updated><title type='text'>Religion Compass - Volume 4, Issue 9 - September 2010 - Wiley Online Library</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/reco.2010.4.issue-9/issuetoc"&gt;Religion Compass - Volume 4, Issue 9 - September 2010 - Wiley Online Library&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' 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href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/09/religion-compass-volume-4-issue-9.html' title='Religion Compass - Volume 4, Issue 9 - September 2010 - Wiley Online Library'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-3503162939893042407</id><published>2010-09-03T07:32:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-09-03T07:32:40.675+01:00</updated><title type='text'>华山论剑: 因为它，你我都成了“车奴”</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://ngswayhua.blogspot.com/2010/08/blog-post_257.html"&gt;华山论剑: 因为它，你我都成了“车奴”&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-3503162939893042407?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://ngswayhua.blogspot.com/2010/08/blog-post_257.html' title='华山论剑: 因为它，你我都成了“车奴”'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/3503162939893042407/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=3503162939893042407' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/3503162939893042407'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/3503162939893042407'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/09/blog-post_03.html' title='华山论剑: 因为它，你我都成了“车奴”'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-5299426375229369947</id><published>2010-09-03T07:29:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-09-03T07:29:01.717+01:00</updated><title type='text'>华山论剑: 马来西亚“超越”了美国</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://ngswayhua.blogspot.com/2010/08/blog-post_3326.html"&gt;华山论剑: 马来西亚“超越”了美国&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-5299426375229369947?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://ngswayhua.blogspot.com/2010/08/blog-post_3326.html' title='华山论剑: 马来西亚“超越”了美国'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/5299426375229369947/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=5299426375229369947' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/5299426375229369947'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/5299426375229369947'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/09/blog-post.html' title='华山论剑: 马来西亚“超越”了美国'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-2365007514782003424</id><published>2010-06-12T11:22:00.001+01:00</published><updated>2010-06-12T11:32:10.466+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='viva'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Double-Vision'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='thesis'/><title type='text'>Before and After Viva</title><content type='html'>&lt;b&gt;Before Viva&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;I left home very early, and took a very very slow walk sinking myself into a meditative mood.&amp;nbsp; Indwelling myself and feeling how I embodied my thesis, a sense of calmness and peace was centred within me: a centering.&amp;nbsp; I felt a sense of confidence.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;It was still early as I reached New College.&amp;nbsp; I took the opportunity to go to the garden hiding behind the building, a serene corner good for deep thoughts and for relaxation.&amp;nbsp; I had never had a chance and mood to visit this garden for the past almost four years.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;As I finally met EK, my internal examiner.&amp;nbsp; I had a not so good feeling.&amp;nbsp; No greeting was given.&amp;nbsp; Just a simple asking to stay and wait for summon in my supervisor's office.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;It began a bit late.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;In the VIVA&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The debate went for about one and a half hour.&amp;nbsp; I thought I did okay, able to answer all questions they asked.&amp;nbsp; Of course, the external examiner kept coming back to one issue.&amp;nbsp; I will say what this issue is later.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;And of course after this one and a half hour debate, and after the break, I was called in, and the announcement was made.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;AFTER VIVA&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;What had I felt? I felt defeated when I heard the announcement of the result.&amp;nbsp; I was not entirely convinced.&amp;nbsp; I also thought that they have missed some of my key rationale.&amp;nbsp; I was hurt and angry about that.&amp;nbsp; As I walked back from New College, I tried to calm myself down by going through what happened.&amp;nbsp; I held myself fine and was able to accept the fact that a major revision needed to be done.&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;But anyone going through a traumatic experience would be able to understand my peace of mind would not stay constantly, as postponed emotions returned every now and then as I returned to what they asked and how was I not convinced.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;But I have to think on the other round.&amp;nbsp; What if they are right? What can I learn? What if some deficiencies in the thesis are undeniable? &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;What do these imply? Do they imply that I am incapable? A not so successful scholar? Unable to produce a work of a PhD level? Not able enough to make a cohesive argument? Weak in communicating my points? Et cetera.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;MY EVALUATIONS&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;What are the problems with my thesis? I have come up with some self-evaluations:&lt;br /&gt;1) The thesis is not well communicated yet, which means,&lt;br /&gt;2) I failed to give a better form, a clearer structure, to convey my crucial and most important proposal.&lt;br /&gt;3) I proposed for a double vision hermeneutics, but I thought the showing of evidences in Yizhuan and Pauline texts was enought.&amp;nbsp; I thought the dialectic pattern and hints here and there are enough are self-evident enough to show my case.&amp;nbsp; Obviously, poetic hints between lines are not enough.&lt;br /&gt;4) They wanted me to demonstrate how it operates, the double vision hermeneutics, which I haven't shown enough.&amp;nbsp; I agree now I need to show more.&amp;nbsp; The writer is on this side of the text, while the readers are on the other side.&amp;nbsp; I failed to imagine the way readers look for as they read.&amp;nbsp; In other words, I have to learn to read my texts and to sympathize a reader's expectation.&amp;nbsp; I can't presuppose what seems clear to me will be clear to them.&amp;nbsp; I need to produce a section to demonstrate the double vision after the first half of my thesis, i.e., after the chapter that talks about power dynamism from &lt;i&gt;Yizhuan'&lt;/i&gt;s perspective and that on Pauline ideas of power.&amp;nbsp; Then another similar section needs to be done after the chapter on Moral Power and that on Paul's understanding of grace (and other stuff).&amp;nbsp; I cannot, as I said, simply weave a feel lines or one or two paragraphs of derived implications.&amp;nbsp; What I have to do is to produce clearly TITLED organized sections to each respective chapter.&amp;nbsp; I also have to do so in a more conclusive way in my concluding chapter.&lt;br /&gt;5) Yes.&amp;nbsp; A more balanced view of &lt;i&gt;Yizhuan&lt;/i&gt; and Paul as how they are interwoven and entering in and out of my being, as my double vision hermeneutics seems to imply needs to be demonstrated.&amp;nbsp; For example, I argued in the viva that timeliness and Paul's apocapyptical idea of time are incompatible and I did not want to engage in comparing them.&amp;nbsp; But on second thought, an argument needs to be demonstrated as to how they relate, whether or not they are incompatible, as to how they enter into my awareness alternatively or simultaneously; or in what way and when and how Yizhuan takes a prominent role and when and how Paul overtakes it.&lt;br /&gt;6) I was carried away in my writing to the rationale of engaging in subjective interpretation, which had not been too much a concern of my examiner.&amp;nbsp; Probably, subjective interpretation is no longer a problem.&amp;nbsp; Every interpretation is subjective in one way or another.&lt;br /&gt;7) I was also asked to give more of sociological reconstruction of some situations found in Pauline churches to provide a better scenario, that is to strengthen my argument that mine was a bottom up argument than simply a doctrinal and ideological treatment of Paul's ideas.&amp;nbsp; This will give me a chance to delve further in Pauline world.&lt;br /&gt;8) My internal challenged me for not including sociological study of power.&amp;nbsp; She also challenged me of the less of clarity in my construction of Pauline theology of power.&amp;nbsp; I have shown cases from Pauline epistles that point to a strong implicaiton of his idea/ theology of power, but I failed to give a construction from these findings a well-organized THEOLOGY OF POWER of Paul based on these findings.&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;9) My research and exposition of &lt;i&gt;Yizhuan&lt;/i&gt; are well-praised.&amp;nbsp; My creativity was well affirmed.&amp;nbsp; The proposal for double-vision hermeneutics was appreciated.&amp;nbsp; No footnote was being challenged.&amp;nbsp; These are some of the positive sides.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;ABOUT THE VERDICT&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;When was the verdict reached? I believed it was reached before the defence was carried out.&amp;nbsp; And I couldn't convince them to change their pre-viva judgment, although I believe I was quite good in explaining and responding to questions they asked.&amp;nbsp; But that was not enough.&amp;nbsp; The text, the thesis, is the most important solid and tangible thing on which they judge your performance as a PhD and a potential publishable work.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-2365007514782003424?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/2365007514782003424/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=2365007514782003424' title='2 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/2365007514782003424'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/2365007514782003424'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/06/before-and-after-viva.html' title='Before and After Viva'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>2</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-3779147014131285272</id><published>2010-06-11T19:18:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-06-11T19:18:46.624+01:00</updated><title type='text'>VIVA 結果</title><content type='html'>viva result: substantial deficience, requires major correction. &amp;nbsp;Viewing  that you will take up full time job, you are 24 months to fulfill the  requirement. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Strange thing is that, they appreciate my approach and have demanded  things that are contradictory to their appreciations. I do accept that I  haven't done enough to devote enough sections to clearly tell how the  double vision is demonstrated.&amp;nbsp; They are looking for the interweaving of  the two visions, which I did not claim.&amp;nbsp; What I am claiming is that  this thesis is a unveiling of what happen in a Chinese pastor who are  shaped by the two texts.&amp;nbsp; I agree that I did not put enough words in my  conclusion as well to reclaim the double vision.&amp;nbsp; By the way, the  examiner likes this metaphor.&amp;nbsp; Anyway, I have a chance to further study  Paul and rewrite Pauline theology of power.&amp;nbsp; The examiners did not  challenge my Yizhuan chapters at all. &amp;nbsp; Further reports from them will  be given to me a week from now.&amp;nbsp; I will share a bit more when we meet.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Thanks for all your prayers and good wishes.&amp;nbsp; Hope my result does not  disappoint you.&amp;nbsp; BTW, I am okay, although felted defeated at first.&amp;nbsp; I  believed I defended myself well, it's just that they did not accept it.&amp;nbsp;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-3779147014131285272?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/3779147014131285272/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=3779147014131285272' title='3 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/3779147014131285272'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/3779147014131285272'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/06/viva.html' title='VIVA 結果'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>3</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-7202446028306749668</id><published>2010-06-04T13:09:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-06-04T13:09:41.808+01:00</updated><title type='text'>Luther, Martin - Post-Reformation Digital Library: Lutheran Authors - LibGuides at Calvin College</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://libguides.calvin.edu/content.php?pid=57510&amp;amp;sid=458654"&gt;Luther, Martin - Post-Reformation Digital Library: Lutheran Authors - LibGuides at Calvin College&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' 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online&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-3425782528891796332?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://faith-theology.blogspot.com/2010/05/calvins-opera-omnia-online.html' title='Faith and Theology: Calvin&apos;s opera omnia online'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/3425782528891796332/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=3425782528891796332' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/3425782528891796332'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/3425782528891796332'/><link 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src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-7160831193684721632?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://www.amazon.co.uk/Human-Face-Church-Psychology-Traditional/dp/1853118125/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&amp;s=books&amp;qid=1275649179&amp;sr=8-1' title='The Human Face of Church: A Social Psychology and Pastoral Theology Resource for Pioneer and Traditional Ministry: Amazon.co.uk: Sara Savage, Eolene Boyd-Macmillan: Books'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/7160831193684721632/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=7160831193684721632' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/7160831193684721632'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/7160831193684721632'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/06/human-face-of-church-social-psychology.html' title='The Human Face of Church: A Social Psychology and Pastoral Theology Resource for Pioneer and Traditional Ministry: Amazon.co.uk: Sara Savage, Eolene Boyd-Macmillan: Books'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-8063019074194267055</id><published>2010-05-30T10:09:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-05-30T10:09:28.131+01:00</updated><title type='text'>Boosting Self-Esteem: Confidence Game</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://www.questianewsletter.com/newsletter/volume-5-issue-22/index.htm?CRID=nullCRnull&amp;amp;OFFID=newsletter20100530l#bigidea"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 16px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;Boosting Self-Esteem:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 24px; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Confidence  Game &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-8063019074194267055?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://www.questianewsletter.com/newsletter/volume-5-issue-22/index.htm?CRID=nullCRnull&amp;OFFID=newsletter20100530l#bigidea' title='Boosting Self-Esteem: Confidence Game'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/8063019074194267055/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=8063019074194267055' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/8063019074194267055'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/8063019074194267055'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/05/boosting-self-esteem-confidence-game.html' title='Boosting Self-Esteem: Confidence Game'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-6207300060638851645</id><published>2010-05-27T12:27:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-05-27T12:27:20.151+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='reflection'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='academics'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='thesis'/><title type='text'>寫論文點滴（一）　</title><content type='html'>保羅曾對哥林多教會的弟兄姊妹說：「弟兄（姊妹）們，你們想想，你們這些蒙召的， 按人來看有智慧的不多，有權勢的不多，出身尊貴的也不多。」&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;我這麼對自己說：「我蒙召是出於恩典，我的人生，按人來看，不是能力頂尖，我非出於名校，也不是成績卓越者，連我申請博士班以前的兩三篇學術論文獲刊載，我認為也是上帝開路預備的。」&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;再過兩周就是viva（口試）了，心情是複雜的。是否能順利過關呢？心中是忐忑的。教會裡有個朋友說，忐忑就對了，就沒問題了。很會安慰人。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;自認不是作研究的人材。這不是說我沒有思想。我是忍不住苦悶、喜歡吸收新知，但自認為知道得夠了，便無心逗留。對我自己寫的東西也是如此！這是學論文的其中一個致命傷，也是我這幾年論文書寫的一個最痛苦的地方。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;我猜想自己的論文大概是會被批會是規定三個月之內要完成的中小修改。要不然則又全然是一個恩典。這又是一個痛苦。論文其實是一種溝通技巧的訓練，和現場的、口頭的溝通互動很不一樣。我覺得我的論文要溝通的其是不多，但要如何溝通，給我帶來了很大痛苦。作為一個跨科際的論文，我在各科際的讀者群中，在溝通上比重捉拿得不好，不常得一貫至終。其實，溝於內容和我的論點，我的想法是怎麼溝通都行，從甲說到乙，從丙至甲，或從東門入，南門北門西門入，都全然可以，猶如進入一大殿堂。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;溝通如作導遊，但要是旅行團裡有些語話和文化背景接近些，有些完全陌生，再加上對所觀賞的對象認知的背景又相異甚大，這便使整個導遊過程變得複雜起來。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;此外，以導遊和遊客作類比，彷彿把旅遊點和遊客作為最重要的焦點，導遊是透明的，雖然他全程都存在，但他個人不屬於整個旅遊的內容。但這點是不正確的。導遊和遊客同行，一起用餐，互動，談笑，行程越久，關係便越多元，至終旅遊是結束了，但留在遊客心裡的不只是景點，也有不少是和導遊有關的點點滴滴，這些點點滴滴不該只是後記，而是旅遊中不可或缺的獨特成份。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;我是這麼看論文的，但我猜想傳統上並不這麼看待論文。對我而言，論文還沒正式開始時，它已經存在於我的過去。我們可以說早已懷胎，論文寫作過程是提供一個讓胎兒吸收營養的場合和空間。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;我到底適不適作研究呢？我想按狹意而言的研究，我是必然不合格也不合適的。但若能走出學術研究的狹義客觀主義霸權（如果有這樣一個東西的話）的藩籬的話，我倒是對人的主觀意識詮釋很有興趣的。其實，人都是作自己有興趣的研究，問題是我能否安然自處，能否不亢不卑，能否不爭不競，以至能成己成人呢？　&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-6207300060638851645?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/6207300060638851645/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=6207300060638851645' title='2 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/6207300060638851645'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/6207300060638851645'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/05/blog-post_27.html' title='寫論文點滴（一）　'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>2</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-7014231207018790447</id><published>2010-05-24T14:34:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-05-24T14:34:19.658+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='reflection'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='research'/><title type='text'>Concering Writing for Oneself</title><content type='html'>&lt;blockquote&gt;......I believe, ...... I have written this because I feel deeply and personally involved in the questions.&amp;nbsp; And I believe in Andre Maurois's perspective on this matter.&amp;nbsp; He maintained that the need to express oneself in writing usually springs from unresolved inner conflicts.&amp;nbsp; The writer does not write because of having found answers to the problem, but instead from having discovered the problem and wanting solutions.&amp;nbsp; And the solution is not really a resolution so much as a deeer consciousness of the issue, coming from having wrestled with the problem.&amp;nbsp; (James Nelson, &lt;i&gt;The Intimate Connection&lt;/i&gt;, 15)&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-7014231207018790447?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/7014231207018790447/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=7014231207018790447' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/7014231207018790447'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/7014231207018790447'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/05/concering-writing-for-oneself.html' title='Concering Writing for Oneself'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-6231817180034430881</id><published>2010-05-24T11:33:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-05-24T11:33:22.977+01:00</updated><title type='text'>全球禱告日與信仰皮質盲 « 肥醫生@西九龍貧民區</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://doctorfat.wordpress.com/2010/05/22/1656/"&gt;全球禱告日與信仰皮質盲 « 肥醫生@西九龍貧民區&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-6231817180034430881?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://doctorfat.wordpress.com/2010/05/22/1656/' title='全球禱告日與信仰皮質盲 « 肥醫生@西九龍貧民區'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/6231817180034430881/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=6231817180034430881' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/6231817180034430881'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/6231817180034430881'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/05/blog-post_24.html' title='全球禱告日與信仰皮質盲 « 肥醫生@西九龍貧民區'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-8514750192598304259</id><published>2010-05-21T10:15:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-05-21T10:15:37.953+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='reflection'/><title type='text'>借書與空中掌權者</title><content type='html'>我們深被這社會，甚至是那空中掌權者的影響，影響之深，是無所不在。就比如有人常借書卻不看，可能會自我指責，認為自己真是“失敗“，以成就衡量一切。但 這人該作的|，豈不還可以包括，看看自己內心為甚麼有這借書的欲望（欲望在此是正面的）。或許這借書反映了人內心其他的渴望，或許借書這過程反映的是一種來往，或許是對書的一種純粹之愛！&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-8514750192598304259?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/8514750192598304259/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=8514750192598304259' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/8514750192598304259'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/8514750192598304259'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/05/blog-post_21.html' title='借書與空中掌權者'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-2850125426966085736</id><published>2010-05-20T14:49:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-05-20T14:49:24.704+01:00</updated><title type='text'>学术自律：“为己之学”与“天下公器”--理论--人民网</title><content type='html'>前曾作雜談共六篇談學術、反智、華人教會等相關課題，亦從學乃為己之學闡述陋見，偶爾在網上看到這篇文章，和之前的討論也有點相關。分享如下：　&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://theory.people.com.cn/GB/49157/49165/4304267.html"&gt;学术自律：“为己之学”与“天下公器”--理论--人民网&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-2850125426966085736?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://theory.people.com.cn/GB/49157/49165/4304267.html' title='学术自律：“为己之学”与“天下公器”--理论--人民网'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/2850125426966085736/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=2850125426966085736' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/2850125426966085736'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/2850125426966085736'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/05/blog-post_720.html' title='学术自律：“为己之学”与“天下公器”--理论--人民网'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-1482984011691075465</id><published>2010-05-20T11:42:00.001+01:00</published><updated>2010-05-20T11:46:28.934+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Malaysia'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Chinese'/><title type='text'>反其道而行：大馬華文的出版與閱讀</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://www.fgu.edu.tw/%7Ewclrc/drafts/Malaysia/zhang-jing-wen/zhang-jing-wen_01.htm"&gt;反其道而行：大馬華文的出版與閱讀&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;以下僅摘文字數段：&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 新細明體;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 100%;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 新細明體;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 100%;"&gt;「華人對閱讀這件事是很現實的！」社長似笑非笑地 說，讀書被當作是受教育，如果有人問起，「讀冊沒？」其實就是在問，你有沒有受學校教育，而不是你喜不喜歡閱讀？常不常閱讀？如果學校畢業後，還常看書， 有可能會被家人當作怪人，所以閱讀並不被認定為生活中必然的活動之一。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;.......&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 24pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 新細明體;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;談論馬來西亞的華文閱讀與出版的經營，很難不牽涉到多元族群的 脈絡與華族被邊緣化的現實情境。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 24pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 新細明體;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;以台灣媒體提供的了解，讓我們以為大馬的華人很幸福，相對於印 尼、泰國等東南亞國家，已經得到很公平的對待；實際上在此觀察，才發現不是這樣，「華人被邊緣化，所以自立與自我安慰變得很重要，種族和諧如果深入去分 析，我不認為基礎是穩固的！」傅社長語重心長地說。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 24pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 新細明體;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;華人雖然可以自由選擇就讀華文小學或是國民小學，但是畢業後， 如果繼續就讀由華人自辦的華文中學（此地稱獨中），學歷即不被政府所認可，也不能就讀馬來西亞的大學，只好出國留學了！一個留學台灣的馬來西亞僑生，政府 認定他的學歷只有小學畢業，既然是小學畢業，就無法謀得公務的職務，生涯發展自然受到限制。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 24pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 新細明體;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;有些人只念到華文小學，就轉就讀馬來與英文教學的國民中學，漸 漸地華文能力就只能看看報紙與八卦雜誌，甚至只會說簡單的華語。在華校時間太短，也無法學習到足夠深入與客觀的華族歷史，文化的傳承於是逐漸流失。這也是 馬哈地政府對華人的基本方針，就是讓華族勢力逐漸削弱（這又好像戒嚴時代的對台灣文化的打壓一樣）。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 24pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 新細明體;"&gt;其他，諸如華人的台籍或中籍的配偶，大約需用&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 新細明體;"&gt;年時間才能取得永久居留（政府不願 華人人口數增加），華人公民購屋只能購得&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;60&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 新細明體;"&gt;年的土地使用權，馬來人卻不然（不希望讓華人擁有太多土地，並代代相傳）。種種政府政策，包括醫 療、教育、社會福利、商業法規等等，在在呈現所謂的馬來族所設定的公正與公平，特別是馬哈地時代中，扶植與提升馬來族是主要政策。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-1482984011691075465?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://www.fgu.edu.tw/~wclrc/drafts/Malaysia/zhang-jing-wen/zhang-jing-wen_01.htm' title='反其道而行：大馬華文的出版與閱讀'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/1482984011691075465/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=1482984011691075465' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/1482984011691075465'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/1482984011691075465'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/05/blog-post_3820.html' title='反其道而行：大馬華文的出版與閱讀'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-2131858422412322416</id><published>2010-05-20T11:05:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-05-20T11:05:23.531+01:00</updated><title type='text'>和反智及華人教會及學術相關之博文轉帖（一）</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://cherubim77.blogspot.com/2010/05/rejection-of-scholars.html"&gt;Revelation is Real: Rejection of Scholars&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' 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title='和反智及華人教會及學術相關之博文轉帖（一）'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-6849723356329892998</id><published>2010-05-19T11:17:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-05-19T11:17:37.000+01:00</updated><title type='text'>张健仁黄锦河被禁足议会一年　民联领袖轰国阵报复诗巫之仇 - 當今大馬</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://www.malaysiakini.com/news/132093"&gt;张健仁黄锦河被禁足议会一年　民联领袖轰国阵报复诗巫之仇 - 當今大馬&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-6849723356329892998?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://www.malaysiakini.com/news/132093' title='张健仁黄锦河被禁足议会一年　民联领袖轰国阵报复诗巫之仇 - 當今大馬'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/6849723356329892998/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=6849723356329892998' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/6849723356329892998'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/6849723356329892998'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/05/blog-post_19.html' title='张健仁黄锦河被禁足议会一年　民联领袖轰国阵报复诗巫之仇 - 當今大馬'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-4313726464721308651</id><published>2010-05-13T13:00:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-05-13T13:00:48.527+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Wang Chung'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Chinese Classics'/><title type='text'>賢者受不受重用</title><content type='html'>&lt;blockquote&gt;昔周人有仕數不遇，年老白首，泣涕於塗者（。人或問之：“何為泣乎？”對曰？“吾仕數不遇，自傷年老失時，是以泣也。”人曰：“仕 奈何不一遇也？”對曰：“吾年少之時，學為文。文德成就，始欲仕宦，人君好用者。用老主亡，後主又用武，吾更為武。武節始就，武主又亡。少主始 立，好用少年，吾年又老。是以未嘗一遇。”仕宦有時，不可求也。夫希世准主，尚不可為，況節高志妙，不為利動，性定質成，不為主顧者乎？&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;今譯文： &lt;br /&gt;以前周朝有個人想做官，屢次都沒有被任用，年紀老了頭髮白了，在路邊低聲哭泣。過路人有的問他：“為甚麼哭啊？”回答說：“我想做官卻屢次不被任用，自己 悲傷年老錯過了時機，因此哭了。”有人問：“你想做官為甚麼一次也不被任用呢？”回答道：“我年少的時候，學的是文。到文治之德成就了，開始想做官，而當 時君主喜歡任用年老的。愛用老年人的君主死了，後繼君主卻又要任用會武的，於是我改為習武。武藝剛學好，重用會武的君主又死了。年少的君主剛即位，喜歡任 用少年，我的年紀又老了，因此一次也沒有被任用過。”當官是有時運的，不應當強求。唉，迎合社會風氣，揣摩君主意圖，還不能達到目的，何況節操高尚，志曏 遠大，不被利祿引誘，性格品質已經固定，不被君主重視的人呢？&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;摘自《論衡．逢遇篇第一》譯文取自「中華古籍白話解析系列」&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-4313726464721308651?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/4313726464721308651/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=4313726464721308651' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/4313726464721308651'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/4313726464721308651'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/05/blog-post_13.html' title='賢者受不受重用'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-8505657085053445930</id><published>2010-05-12T17:35:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-05-12T17:35:47.147+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Chinese church'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='academics'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Chinese Theology'/><title type='text'>學術、反智、華人教會、神學人雜談（六）</title><content type='html'>學者之己與華人教會的關係。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;學者和教會之間的張力不單只是華人教會的問題，特雷西早年提出公眾、教會與學術界(public, church, academia)的三角關係。與這我一系列的文章多少有點關係。但我想就華人處境並從聖經的一兩處經文作一點討論。有關華人處境，我之前已提到，不過暫時還有一段時間我們方會討論。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;說到聖經，這兩天在我腦海裡浮現的是上帝在教會社會的有使徒，有先知、牧師和教師，以及傳福音的。若延續我們前兩則所談的先和及祭司的角色，我們若把教會觀放大，而不是只是限於一個地方教會而言，放大至其理想之狀態，即神的國的表徵的層次來看，這些上帝所設立的職份不只是在有型的教會內彰顯其功能。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;有型和無型的教會，有型之教會與神的國，兩者之間有必然的張力。有型教會不一定等同於神的國。有華人宗派稱教會為召會，其實是對的。教會原是上帝所召的一群人的總稱，是上帝的子民、上帝的產業、聖潔的國度和君尊的祭司（彼得和保羅語），教會之存在是見證，也是馨香討神喜悅的活祭，是藉耶穌基督獻上的身體。然而，有型的教會不恆常活出這神國的身份和特質，這是必然的。個人如何仍和罪作一生的掙扎，教會亦然。個人生活的妥協亦反映在教會整體的妥協。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;故此，雖然教會是上帝的子民和君尊的祭司，保羅所說上帝所設立的五重職份是意義深長的。我想把基督徒學者和神學之學術放在這樣的脈胳下來看。我必須承認，這樣閱讀的角度，也必然受一直以來把五重職事放在有型教會內的場景理解的脈胳影響。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;本系列文章開始時，心中便由一種不甘神學學術和有型教會群體距離越走越遠的悸動，那是由所謂神學或神學學術&lt;a href="http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/05/blog-post_03.html"&gt;邊沿化&lt;/a&gt;（另看：&lt;a href="http://herowu0501.blogspot.com/2010/05/blog-post.html"&gt;對〈神學家，請別看輕膚 淺〉之回應&lt;/a&gt;）的話題引起的。但教會、學術（以及公眾）是否必然要拉遠距離呢？離了受眾的學術便是空中樓閣，沒有聽眾的神學是悲哀的。如果我們把神學工作放在五重職事或先知祭司的脈胳下來理解，那神學工作者不當遠離人群。神學建構（不管學術與否）都必須與受眾有所溝通，不但有先知指出時弊、教會之失責（即沒有活出其身份），也與祭司之為教會代求，求上帝的恩待、重新委於重責，也要對他所要擔待的群眾抱著愧疚的心腸。此外，神學工作者也要擔起教師和牧師的工作。容我說明。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;這樣說一方面是從廣義的教會而言，對神學工作者言，教師和牧師的職份是我們的天命，我們有責任按時分糧。民雖有過，過在於君。上帝既立我們作教師和牧師，我們就有責任教導、不離不棄。在這上面，以華人神學院與教會的關係而言，神學院是訓練牧師傳道之所，過去十幾年來（這是從我個走上神學之路開始談起的），牧師傳道在香港教會頻頻離職轉職（以香港為例純粹因為前兩年有這類的問卷調查，並且香港為華人神學院校最密集之地），責任或許並非全在教牧，但教牧之頻頻離職，在會眾心中累積下來的整體印象、教牧的整體信用是大打折扣的。這已經使神學之對於教會而言，失去了最基本的發言權。信徒的期待在這方面很單純，眼睛也雪亮，哪些人是基於個人生命的問題，或好高鶩遠，好往上爬，而非為愛神愛人緣故，雖不至於完全識透，但也非不懂事的小孩，任人擺佈、耍以口才便能安頓其心的。許多主內弟兄姊妹雖然神學沒有神學工作者或教牧精湛，但作人的實際智慧倒是不缺的。教會弟兄姊妹對神學工作者的信任，需要神學工作者及神學院子弟，即教牧傳道們以生命去賺取。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;信徒們聽牧者的聲音。我們可以責備他們無知，可以氣憤某些牧者神學貧弱，但如果這樣的牧者忠心的、不離不棄的，以其有限的聖經和神學知識，在繁雜的牧養生涯中與信徒有堅固的關係，對信徒而言，那是比較真實的，更能諷刺的是，比所謂「真理」更真實。因為羊聽牧羊人的聲音。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;學術研究固然重要，但作研究者的內心是由甚麼帶動、激動去追求學術更為重要。有人欣賞一流的研究，心力精神也不斷追逐一些有哪些最新的書籍和研究出現，彷彿自己不能落後於行內的研究成果。本來那是好的，以免自己的研究只是閉門造車。但這樣的研究者之「己」沒有家鄉、沒有服侍的群體、沒有真正的呼召。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;遠離了人群的神學工作者，不需要與人群溝通，也因心中沒有群體，也不認識他們而陷入不知如何有效地與具體的群體溝通的境地。以教會而言，這樣的學者與他們一點關係都沒有。是的，有些信徒吸收知識及學者的研究成果，不在乎認不認識該學者，學者也能與這些讀者有「遙距」的關係，但大體而言，教會需要有不離不棄的先知、教師和牧師，在他們前面帶領。是帶領，若這帶領的關係不存在，一旦希望教會對某些合乎聖經教導的參與社會建設的行動有所回應，信徒看的是那平常與他們同在的帶領人，而不是這些學者。這樣一來，學者們就變成名符其實的「文士」了。&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-8505657085053445930?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/8505657085053445930/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=8505657085053445930' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/8505657085053445930'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/8505657085053445930'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/05/blog-post_12.html' title='學術、反智、華人教會、神學人雜談（六）'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-1645144465250320085</id><published>2010-05-11T23:17:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-05-11T23:17:31.616+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='reflection'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Chinese church'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='academics'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Chinese Theology'/><title type='text'>學術、反智、華人教會、神學人雜談（五）</title><content type='html'>繼&lt;a href="http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/05/blog-post_09.html"&gt;學 術、 反智、華人教會、神學人雜談（三）&lt;/a&gt;和&lt;a href="http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/05/blog-post_11.html"&gt;學術、 反智、華人教會、神學人雜談（四）&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;談「為己」之學和學術，繼回應上帝之「呼召」和祂為祭司作了「成聖」的預備工作，一個備祭司身份的基督徒學者之「己」是否就完全能夠勝任他的工作了呢？&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;希伯來書說到大間挑選的大祭司時，以亞倫為典範，亦預備出埃及記裡對祭司的描述。希伯來書說得不錯，人間挑選的大祭司也和我們一樣是人，也凡事經過試探，也有軟弱。「所以他能夠溫和對待那無知和迷誤的人」（希五2-3）。祭司作為有軟弱的人，如上一則所說，是先蒙贖罪祭的和蒙血所灑的預備，方能為祭司，這並不抹殺祭司作為人的本質。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;贖罪祭也好，祭司本身的軟弱也好，體醒我們祭司對罪並無免疫力。作為學者，如果身兼先知和祭司兩種身份的呼召，其工作性質促使他在言說上彷彿成為道德的代言人、社會的良心，以致言語之權威和發言之人重疊，使學者陷入飄飄然和自我陶醉的境地。所謂道德和良心，我說的是作為學者之上帝話語的詮釋者，必須把上帝國的意思宣揚出來。耶穌在主禱文裡說：「願你的旨意，行在地上，如同行在天上」，也就是說祭司是要把天上的意思實現在地上。這天上的意思，在可由建會幕的材料中或祭司禮服中的藍色線所象徵。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;這樣我們便看見，人性的一層和屬天的一面的結合。屬天的一面若指的是上帝國的一面，屬人的一面，就是屬地的一面。耶穌說：看哪，天國在你們中間。現在我們可以看見這祭司也是上帝國的祭司。不但出埃及記，並且在彼得前書的引述裡，祭司和國度以及上帝子民的身份是結合的，是三而一，一而三的。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;這麼一說，便把「為己」的學術精神放在一個以上帝國作願景的藍圖中規劃了。不論是以保羅的話或以先知祭司的模式來說，「為己」已不只是為己，而是以一個更大的非自我（自我實現、自我標榜、自我成就、過於自信）為基礎的學術。不過，話說回頭，這個「我如今活著，乃是基督在我裡面活著」的我，乃是一個從「修己」，不是靠己修己，而是因基督的恩而得自由、不為世界（系統）活，而為主活的真自由，是符合自己蒙召之身份的「己」，此己從一己走入所處的社會，為上帝的國而努力。這種己是一致的，integrated 的。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;這樣的己，也有別那種仍然服役於世界（系統）的己；這樣的己所從事的學術也有別於那種股役於此世界之「小學」、「為人」、或所謂怕人不知己的學術。這樣的學術的中心是以「為道日損」為中心的。&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-1645144465250320085?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/1645144465250320085/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=1645144465250320085' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/1645144465250320085'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/1645144465250320085'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/05/blog-post_343.html' title='學術、反智、華人教會、神學人雜談（五）'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-463267656780860180</id><published>2010-05-11T14:27:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-05-11T14:27:58.641+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='academics'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Chinese Theology'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='theology'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='public theology'/><title type='text'>學術、反智、華人教會、神學人雜談（四）</title><content type='html'>所謂「為己」，我知道這前設也是個命題。「為」和「己」之作為命題，可以引發其他問題，且暗示了所預設之命題背後的思想、立場和人生觀。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;基督徒之學術如果「為己」，往下思考的話，難免要定義何謂「己」。保羅說，不再是我活著，乃是基督在我裡面活著。這樣的領悟也是立於「向罪向世界當看自己是死的」。按此而言，基督徒之學術沒有純粹的「為己」之言。凡所言，皆該站在為基督所言之上。這多少源自「先知」的傳統。但更深而言，是對人生之所求的覺得，未經過死，沒有死的覺悟，便不能有生而言的話。嚴格而言，基督徒的學術應該是札根於此以己和基督為中心出發的。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;就這一點而言，基督徒學者本無任何「為己」之言，或說，「為己」無甚可言者。但為基督，則有所可不言之處。然而這己，雖曰之「已死」之己，卻因靠耶穌基督而得生。這己不但能就「先知」之角色理解，也可以按「祭司」之角色理解。舊約裡亞倫和他兒子被立為祭司，是經過了各樣的祭，表彰了他先與神和好、完全歸神、罪已得贖、以神自己作他們的份、靠神而活（出廿九），是歸屬於神，不屬這世界、不屬埃及、不歸屬世界之系統和權勢。因此，不必拜瑪門也不必拜凱撒。不必靠瑪門得餅、不必靠凱撒得權（比較耶穌受試探之含意）。因此有真正的自由。如果說彼得對彼得前書的受眾的稱呼：君尊的祭司（顯然他是依據五經的傳統而有些神學概念）能普遍用在基督徒身上，對亞倫一家的預備，（這各樣的祭都是預備亞倫一家作祭司的其中一個步驟），這預備也可以是對我們說的。按希伯來書的理解，基督既已是那永遠的大祭司，並且又是那祭，我們之被稱為祭司，也是在基督耶穌裡面說的。換句話說，凡在基督裡的，是在祂裡面得以預備作祭司了。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;不過，對祭司的預備還有另外一點也是很重要的。那就是聖膏油。出廿九章廿一節說，要以用壇上的血和聖膏油灑在亞倫和他兒子身上。有幾點我們值得留意的。凡香膏所膏抹過的，凡觸抹到這些物品，也都要成聖。我想到摩西律法裡也提到潔淨和不潔淨的東西，凡人，不論是祭司、拿細耳人或一般人，如何觸摸到不潔的東西，自己也就不潔了。在約翰壹書二章裡談到上帝神聖的恩膏。我們或許可以這樣理解，出埃及記裡所談的血和香膏使祭司成聖，同樣的，我們今天有耶穌基督的血和聖神的靈與我們成為聖潔。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;祭司也是作求代工作的，不但亞倫等次者有此職，耶穌為大祭司，也是長遠作代求的工作。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;基督徒學術工作，如果是「為己」的話，這己是靠耶穌得生，並且蒙召作先知和祭司工作的人。我們的工作也當勝過文士和法利賽人所作的。&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-463267656780860180?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/463267656780860180/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=463267656780860180' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/463267656780860180'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/463267656780860180'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/05/blog-post_11.html' title='學術、反智、華人教會、神學人雜談（四）'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-8231433721113836526</id><published>2010-05-10T11:28:00.001+01:00</published><updated>2010-05-10T11:30:06.129+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Chinese studies'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='academics'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Chinese Theology'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Chinese Classics'/><title type='text'>清涼看人間: 學而優則仕</title><content type='html'>為發展關係到一貫中國仕之傳統的學術典範（&lt;a href="http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/05/blog-post_09.html"&gt;學術、 反智、華人教會、神學人雜談（三）&lt;/a&gt;），心中想起學而優則仕，上網作初步的探索，以下綱頁上摘錄片斷：&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://mysinmy.blogspot.com/2007/12/blog-post.html"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;a href="http://mysinmy.blogspot.com/2007/12/blog-post.html"&gt;清涼看人間: 學而優則仕&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;「漢朝時候有個許慎，編了《說文解字》這部書，書裏記載“優”訓作“饒”，說“優，饒也；饒，裕也。”就是有餘力的意思，不是什麼“良好”；“仕”訓作 “事”，就是做事、行事，並非“做官”，所以當時的子夏說“仕而優則學，學而優則仕”，本義其實是“行之有餘（餘力）則學，學之有餘（餘力）則行”，是為 辨證學與行而作出的言論。 」&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;「《說文解字》正好提供線索，它為我們開啟了明白之道：為官做事，如果行有餘力，則可以多讀點書；讀書學習，如果行有餘力，則可以去謀取一定的職務 做點事情。孔子的許多學生應就是這麼做的。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;據後人考證，“優”一詞，在先秦時就是“饒”“裕”；而“優秀”“優異”之義，是漢代以後才 產生的。所以，把“學而優則仕”解釋為“讀書讀得好就可以做官”，並不是子夏之本意。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;宋朝大儒朱熹《四書集注》雲：“優，有餘力也。仕 與學理同而事異。故當其事中，必先有以盡其事，而後可以及其學。然仕而學，則所以資其仕者益深，學而仕則所以驗其學者益廣。”這才是是子夏的本意。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;朱 子也在家訓中寫到：讀書志在聖賢（成為有德有才之人），非徒科第（做官）；為官心存君國，豈計身家。可見，他對“學而優則仕”的理解，與今天人所說的也是 大相徑庭。今人以自己的洞見來張冠李戴，望文生義；其實是似是而非，貽笑大方的。」&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;「臺灣中央研究院院士余英時先生在《士與中國文化》裏認為：“士已從固定的封建社會關係中游離出來，進入‘士無定主’的狀態，社會出現大批有學問有知識的士 人，他們以‘仕’為專業，然而社會上並沒有固定的職位在等待他們，在這種情況下便有了‘仕’的問題。”他認為“仕”的本義乃是“士”在其“位”（即士 人），而恰恰只有“不在其位”，才有“仕”的問題，所以我們本能地把“仕”等同於“為官”（仕宦），這多少是中國歷史內部權力異化後的印象，“仕”被簡單 地理解為“如何獲得其位”，而“位”又進一步成為權力的象徵，“學”與“仕”便如同一根不斷拉緊的橡皮筋，“仕”成為異化的權力，而它的異化，同時也改變 著“學”的最終目標。」&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-8231433721113836526?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://mysinmy.blogspot.com/2007/12/blog-post.html' title='清涼看人間: 學而優則仕'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/8231433721113836526/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=8231433721113836526' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/8231433721113836526'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/8231433721113836526'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/05/blog-post_10.html' title='清涼看人間: 學而優則仕'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-6448886200334490413</id><published>2010-05-09T12:11:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-05-09T12:11:33.057+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Chinese church'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='academics'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Chinese Theology'/><title type='text'>學術、反智、華人教會、神學人雜談（三）</title><content type='html'>上周兩則文章：&lt;a href="http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/05/blog-post_04.html"&gt;學術、 反智、華人教會、神學人雜談（一）&lt;/a&gt;及&lt;a href="http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/05/blog-post_2599.html"&gt; 學術、反智、華人教會、神學人雜談（二）&lt;/a&gt;言猶未盡。想談談學術。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;第一則文章曾用上某神學家「為自己」做神學，單憑三個字看來可能是武斷了，我後來在某處澄清說，更完整地說，應該是「為自己所關注的事」。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;這樣說來，學問之探討必事出有因。子曰：「古之學者為己，今之學者為人。」我的理解是，所謂「為己」，是為了使己得以修，能為仁踐仁。「為人」，我按今天的理解是，為了impress別人。進一步而言，為了CV，為了人言我亦言，不落人後。人言我亦言。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;今天華人神學學術，我只是後學，但我覺得有些反省，不得不說，是求教，也是主張。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;我覺得「己」，是神學學術的起點，也是學者之情操，是古代君子和仕之節。起點是「為己」。所謂「為己」是，我不明白，我需要探索我內心的信仰矛盾，這可以是對上帝、對社會現象，對聖經記載等的困惑，所謂為己，是指如果這些回題不答解答，心理不得安息。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;「為己」也可以是指對現有論述的不滿，自己有個人的見解，相對於所見所聞之言論，覺得能補充、能糾正。這是「己」的進一步擴大。 「己」是「獨特」的，也是「有限」的。我的獨特決定於我的個性、背景、關注、對甚麼事有天生的敏銳度，這些和學術並不是分開的，非之，會影響一個的學術特色，我覺得大體而言，以最大的因襲的分類而言，聖經學者和實踐神學學者之取向可能多少由這些原因促成，但我覺得不必因此而有相輕之陝隘心。獨特，也因成長之 背景，因襲的文化氣質，（非全是genuine self），是感染自環境、同儕及同輩認同而來的。獨特也可以歷史處境，如長於大陸者和長於香港者，都有所延續自地域文化和內化（internalize）的潛意識影響成的表達。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;我們的有限也和獨特性是相伴隨的。比如說我的個性和背景使我對某些書籍有抗拒。我雖學神學，雖然奧古斯丁為神學大師。但我一開就對原罪論有反叛心態，所倡的是修正的說法，語彙也覺得該置換。我也受益其某些片段言說，但沒有耐心逐行逐字閱讀其作品，感覺有甚麼他說的我不也經驗嗎？我豈不也這麼想過嗎？更反抗的是，既然我都想過了，我和他背景不一樣、處境不一樣，我為甚麼還要費工夫向別人（留意此處我心中亦想到前言所引孔子之謂「為人」），即向別人解說奧古斯丁怎麼怎麼說了，彷彿沒有他的注腳，我的領悟就不成立。（我想到中國佛教之禪宗之不立文字），道家之謂「道可道，非常道」。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;今天暫且談至「為己」。神學學術，還有其文化語境和終點的問題，下回再談。&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-6448886200334490413?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/6448886200334490413/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=6448886200334490413' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/6448886200334490413'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/6448886200334490413'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/05/blog-post_09.html' title='學術、反智、華人教會、神學人雜談（三）'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-6655422925452410062</id><published>2010-05-08T23:58:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-05-08T23:58:38.630+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Augustine'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='City of God'/><title type='text'>Rule Out of Dutiful Concern for Others and Mercy; freed from pursuit of worldly honours</title><content type='html'>&lt;blockquote&gt;"Through his reflections on how the two cities are related, Augustine understood how Christian hope could engender human responsibility for a concrete political situation.&amp;nbsp; Christian hope begins with God, and it will be complete only when every political achievement is past.&amp;nbsp; But Christians are not for that reason excused from living peacefully and well with their neighbors.&amp;nbsp; Rather, because their hope is already set on the only glory worth having, they are freed from pursuit of worldly honors to focus on contributions to the common good.&amp;nbsp; 'For it is not out of any desire for mastery that they command; rather, they do so from a dutiful concern for others: not out of pride in ruling, but because they love mercy."&amp;nbsp; For Augustine, &lt;i&gt;The City of God against the Pagans&lt;/i&gt;, R. W. Dyson, ed., (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998), 962 cited by Robin W. Lovin, &lt;i&gt;Christian Realism and the New Realities&lt;/i&gt;, 48.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-6655422925452410062?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/6655422925452410062/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=6655422925452410062' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/6655422925452410062'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/6655422925452410062'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/05/rule-out-of-dutiful-concern-for-others.html' title='Rule Out of Dutiful Concern for Others and Mercy; freed from pursuit of worldly honours'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-5257886113186510539</id><published>2010-05-06T17:19:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-05-06T17:19:20.237+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Christian Realism'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Christian Ethics'/><title type='text'>Some Books on Christian Realism</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.amazon.co.uk/Christian-Realism-Realities-Robin-Lovin/dp/0521603005/ref=sr_1_5?ie=UTF8&amp;amp;s=books&amp;amp;qid=1273156598&amp;amp;sr=8-5"&gt; &lt;img alt="Product Details" border="0" class="" height="115" src="http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/416CwWFUJNL._SL160_PIsitb-sticker-arrow-dp,TopRight,12,-18_SH30_OU02_AA115_.jpg" width="115" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.amazon.co.uk/Christian-Realism-Realities-Robin-Lovin/dp/0521603005/ref=sr_1_5?ie=UTF8&amp;amp;s=books&amp;amp;qid=1273156598&amp;amp;sr=8-5"&gt;Christian Realism and the New Realities&lt;/a&gt; &lt;span class="ptBrand"&gt;by Robin W. Lovin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="binding"&gt; (&lt;span class="format"&gt;Paperback&lt;/span&gt; - 30 Jun 2008)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.amazon.co.uk/Reinhold-Niebuhr-Christian-Realism-Lovin/dp/0521479320/ref=sr_1_6?ie=UTF8&amp;amp;s=books&amp;amp;qid=1273160881&amp;amp;sr=8-6" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img alt="Product Details" border="0" class="" height="115" onload="if (typeof uet =='function') {                                   uet('cf');                                                                  }" src="http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/41N5PK8EYDL._SL160_PIsitb-sticker-arrow-dp,TopRight,12,-18_SH30_OU02_AA115_.jpg" width="115" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span class="binding"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.amazon.co.uk/Reinhold-Niebuhr-Christian-Realism-Lovin/dp/0521479320/ref=sr_1_6?ie=UTF8&amp;amp;s=books&amp;amp;qid=1273160881&amp;amp;sr=8-6"&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="productTitle"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.amazon.co.uk/Reinhold-Niebuhr-Christian-Realism-Lovin/dp/0521479320/ref=sr_1_6?ie=UTF8&amp;amp;s=books&amp;amp;qid=1273160881&amp;amp;sr=8-6"&gt; Reinhold Niebuhr and Christian Realism&lt;/a&gt; &lt;span class="ptBrand"&gt;by Lovin Robin W.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="binding"&gt; (&lt;span class="format"&gt;Paperback&lt;/span&gt; - 26 Jan 1995)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="productTitle"&gt;&lt;span class="binding"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.amazon.co.uk/Christian-realism-political-problems-Reinhold/dp/B00395GVBK/ref=sr_1_19?ie=UTF8&amp;amp;s=books&amp;amp;qid=1273161071&amp;amp;sr=8-19"&gt; &lt;/a&gt; &lt;div class="productData"&gt;            &lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Xp4cAAAAMAAJ&amp;amp;q=christian+realism+and+political+problems&amp;amp;dq=christian+realism+and+political+problems&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;ei=zeXiS8fQKNONsAbRiukH&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;oi=book_result&amp;amp;ct=book-thumbnail&amp;amp;resnum=1&amp;amp;ved=0CDsQ6wEwAA" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="1" height="80" src="http://bks8.books.google.co.uk/books?id=Xp4cAAAAMAAJ&amp;amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;amp;img=1&amp;amp;zoom=5" style="padding: 1px;" width="53" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="productTitle"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.amazon.co.uk/Christian-realism-political-problems-Reinhold/dp/B00395GVBK/ref=sr_1_19?ie=UTF8&amp;amp;s=books&amp;amp;qid=1273161071&amp;amp;sr=8-19"&gt; Christian realism and political problems / by Reinhold Niebuhr&lt;/a&gt; &lt;span class="ptBrand"&gt;by Reinhold (1892-1971) Niebuhr&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="binding"&gt; (&lt;span class="format"&gt;Hardcover&lt;/span&gt; - 1 Jan 1954)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.amazon.co.uk/Reinhold-Niebuhr-Christian-Realism-Lovin/dp/0521479320/ref=sr_1_6?ie=UTF8&amp;amp;s=books&amp;amp;qid=1273160881&amp;amp;sr=8-6"&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.amazon.co.uk/Christian-Realism-Realities-Robin-Lovin/dp/0521603005/ref=sr_1_5?ie=UTF8&amp;amp;s=books&amp;amp;qid=1273156598&amp;amp;sr=8-5"&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-5257886113186510539?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/5257886113186510539/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=5257886113186510539' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/5257886113186510539'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/5257886113186510539'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/05/some-books-on-christian-realism.html' title='Some Books on Christian Realism'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-897584000912453584</id><published>2010-05-05T16:24:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-05-05T16:24:36.225+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='reflection'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Chinese church'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='academics'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Chinese Theology'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='theology'/><title type='text'>學術、反智、華人教會、神學人雜談（二）</title><content type='html'>前文&lt;a href="http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/05/blog-post_04.html"&gt;學術、 反智、華人教會、神學人雜談（一）&lt;/a&gt;曾提到一、進入文本後之社會現象、二、其實誰不愛智慧、三、溝通及培養受眾，想再一次補充。本文先就第一點發揮討論。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;我指的社會現象是甚麼？我無意作詳細的定義，姑且行文隨意想到寫到。基本上，任何一個時代，人最基本者是生活，生活安定爾後能作較複雜的思想建構。不是說生活中不能思，或不能有有深度的思考。反之，深度的思考常在不樂觀的環境中產生。（在此我心中對「純粹學者」和「思想家和神學家」是有所區分的，希望以後有機會討論）。然而，能思考者是否皆有機會著書立文則視外在條件而論，也視當事人對把思想化為文字有否興趣。不是能化成文字的、有能力書寫者，其文字都是有思想價值者，不是所有口述的智慧都有機會流傳。今天，所謂的學術可能大部份還侷限在文字的層面。（在此師兄飲者所關注的影視大業是值得進行學術開發的）。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;這樣，在基本生活上必有思想建構。一個社會中不可能大部份人從事思想建構的工作。沒有社會、沒有生活，不會產生對生活所作的反省。故此，反省以及作反省的人必依其所反省之社會而生存。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;再按時空往前後推，以前的社會皆各自有其生活以及對生活的反省及其人。以後的社會也必然有之。作反思反省和思想建構的人可以按反省的興趣對任何一個時代之生活作出探討和反思。但其反省不會使所反省的時代更優越，所謂按其反思之文本或研考對象而必須具備的學問和技術，以致能恰如其份的、謹慎地對其社會人文記錄與現象有所發現，只是對探討該社會現象所須俱備的外在條件，並不會使社會現象本身（如何屬那一個時代）更具有價值。每個時代都是獨特的，包括當代。使任何一個時代變得好像比其他時代更重要，是人因各樣主觀因素賦予的。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;換句話說，奧古斯丁及其時代和他所面的問題，阿奎那及其時代和他所面對的問題、馬丁路德、加爾文、衛斯理、巴特、田立克、尼布爾等，其人其時代及其所各自面對的問題，也不比其他時代及其問題更重要。其相形變得重要，是後世賦予的。我們可以賦予，也可以不賦予。這種賦予與否的權力不在一人手中，而是在那比個人大無數倍的傳統、傳承。但無論多大，也有可能被否定和重構，如後現代之對現代的許多顛覆一樣。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;當今學者對任何一個非其當代的事件、社會現象或對其中之人物及其思想，即人物之對其相應之事件和社會現象有興趣，都只能是對那一部份的歷史和人文有些反省和看法，並不因他和她能對這些歷史人文有所發掘和見地，就使他或她或所研究的對象身價大漲。其之所能漲，是人賦予的。因為我們認為宗教改革時期比其他時期重要，它就變為重要；我們認為加爾文在基督教史舉足輕重，他就舉足輕重。不過，這樣說，似乎太主觀了。應該也這麼說：某些事和人被賦予比其他一般更高的價值，在於其對其（一）當世或（二）後世之社會和人文有深遠的影響，或說後來的人發現其對某區某國某民族或人類整體都有貢獻和價值。相應的，對此人此時代之研究也水漲船高一樣增值了。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;這樣說來，研究當代的學術，一樣有其價值，端賴有沒有人賦予以及該事件、人物、現象之影響，能得到肯定與否。不過，今之不被肯定者，可能以後會被肯定，今之被肯定者，不一定將來會遭遇同樣命運。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;學者之作學術，必須對這些相對性的價值有如實或平實的了解，不高估也不低估自己的研究。但凡研究，其中最重要的還要看研究者的眼光、抱負和背景。一位資深的學者，應該俱備這些條件，即使他本人無法完全勝任或有時間精力完成眼光所見、抱負所涵，也俱備胸襟和指導的能力。一個值得做的研究，可能一時並不討好，也即可能被視為無用、過時、冷門，學者必須按其眼光和抱負有所堅持，雖則一時無法得到同情，也要再三反省自己之所委身和所為，如再三確定是該走的路，該背的十字架，也當義無反顧。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;但現實當然不盡理想，按華人神學人之處境，或許無理想之外在環境，但也促使我們思考，那一類的研究是當務之急，那一類研究目前暫時雖不為人所理解，卻無論如何該展開。這等等，雖說需要外在環境之配合，但某程度上也要神學人努力去開拓、溝通和爭取。神學人之理想和抱負，說白一點，必須有研究經費的配合，就如其他研究範疇一樣。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;說到經費，就必須談到如何把研究項目溝通予人，使它顯得重要，是在人一代之（當代）社會生活之上，是值得開發投資的思想建構和反省。有關溝通，以後再談。&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-897584000912453584?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/897584000912453584/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=897584000912453584' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/897584000912453584'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/897584000912453584'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/05/blog-post_2599.html' title='學術、反智、華人教會、神學人雜談（二）'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-479680278316114133</id><published>2010-05-05T13:29:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-05-05T13:29:40.986+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Chinese Theology'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Qian Mu'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Chinese History'/><title type='text'>錢穆君責論</title><content type='html'>下文截錄自錢穆：〈中國傳統政治〉，收錄於《國史新論》 &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;《尚書》上早說了：“天視自我民視，天聽自我民聽。”類此的話，不止一見。直到春秋時代，隨國的季梁說：“民，神之主也，聖王先成民而後致力於神。”虢國 的史嚚說：“國將興，聽於民。國將亡，聽於神。神聰明正直而壹者也，依人而行。”邾文公說：“天生民而樹之君，以利之也。”，晉師曠說：“天生民而立之 君，使司牧之，勿使失性，天之愛民甚矣。豈其使一人肆於民上，以從其淫而棄天地之性？”這些話，通春秋二百四十年，類似的還多。這決不是代錶神權時代的理 論，也不是代錶君權的理論，但又不能說它是在主張民權。&lt;b style="color: #20124d;"&gt;這裡便告訴我們，中國的政治理論，根本不在主權問題上著眼。&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;孔子《論語》說得更明顯。季康子問政，孔子對曰：“政者，正也。子帥以正，孰敢不正。”又說：“苟子之不欲，雖賞之不竊。”又說：“君子之德，風。小人之 德，草。草，尚之風，必偃。”這裡所提出的，並不是政治上的主權應該誰屬的問題，而是政治上的責任應該誰負的問題。社會上一切不正，照政治責任論，全由行 政者之不正所導致，所以應該由行政者完全負其責。孔子又說：“君君、臣臣、父父、子子。&lt;b&gt;”&lt;span style="color: #20124d;"&gt;君要像君樣子，盡君的責任，臣才能像臣樣子，盡臣的責任。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;臣不 臣，還是由於君不君。遠從《尚書》起，&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="color: #20124d;"&gt;已說“萬方有罪，罪在聯躬。”這是一種君職論，絕不是一種君權論。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;這番意思，到孟子發揮得更透切。孟子曰：“君仁莫不仁，君義莫不義，君正莫不正。”可見社會上，一切不仁不義不正，全該由行政者負責。所以孟子曾親問齊宣 王，士師不能治士，該罷免士師，“四境之內不治，則如之何？”又說：“聞誅一夫紂矣，未聞弒君也。”這是說，君不盡君職，便不成一個君。不成一個君又如何 呢？孟子說：“君之視臣如手足，則臣視君如腹心。君之視臣如犬馬，則臣視君如國人。君之視臣如土芥，則臣視君如寇讎。”“寇讎何服之有？”照人道講，不能 強人服從他寇讎。&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="color: #20124d;"&gt;臣不服君，有時責任還在君，不在臣。而且臣有臣責，“君有大過則諫，反覆之而不聽則易位。”這也是臣責，臣不能將有大過之君易位，那是臣 不盡其責。這些全是政治上的責任論，亦可說是職分論。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;中國傳統政治理論，是在官位上認定其職分與責任。皇帝或國君，僅是政治上最高的一個官位，所以說天子 一位，公、侯、子、男各一位，共五等。君一位，卿、大夫、上、中、下士各一位，共六等。天子和君，在政治上也各有他應有的職分和責任。&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="color: #20124d;"&gt;天子和君不盡職，不 勝任，臣可以把他易位，甚至全國民眾也可以把他誅了。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;這是中國傳統政治理論之重點，必先明白得這一點，才可以來看中國的傳統政治。&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-479680278316114133?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/479680278316114133/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=479680278316114133' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/479680278316114133'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/479680278316114133'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/05/blog-post_1934.html' title='錢穆君責論'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-5332495710788653795</id><published>2010-05-05T11:30:00.001+01:00</published><updated>2010-05-05T11:31:06.124+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Capitalism'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Qian Mu'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Chinese History'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Communism'/><title type='text'>惜今日之中國已少通知中國以往之歷史</title><content type='html'>再引錢穆：〈略論中國社會主義〉（1987）一文之結論如下：&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;然則今日大陸果有意推行中國社會主義，以代替蘇俄所奉行之共產主義，豈不極為恰當。但惜今日之中國人，已少通知中國以往之歷史，更少保留中國傳統心情。不 知以往中國社會究何真相，即一己天賦之真性情亦不自知，則中國社會主義又何從推行？&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;今再綜合言之，中國之社會經濟，終必歸於通財共產，以大群一體為主。而與西方之個人主 義，則無論其為資本主義，或為共產主義，皆必大相異。此則可一言而定者。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;又按孫中山先生三民主義之民生主義，余曾謂亦即中國之社會主義，已詳他篇，茲不贅。&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-5332495710788653795?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/5332495710788653795/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=5332495710788653795' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/5332495710788653795'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/5332495710788653795'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/05/1987.html' title='惜今日之中國已少通知中國以往之歷史'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-5852174226345744877</id><published>2010-05-05T11:18:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-05-05T11:18:01.502+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Capitalism'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Qian Mu'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Chinese History'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Communism'/><title type='text'>共產主義與資本主義皆唯物</title><content type='html'>&lt;blockquote&gt; 今若把近代西方社會之種種演變，肯用稍深一層的眼光來觀察，則試問，共產主義的思想根據，固然是唯物的，而資本主義的終極趨曏，又何嘗不是唯物的呢？雙方 的共同點，豈不都是在物質經濟上？至於個人自由與階級鬥爭，則只是達到物質享受與經濟分配兩種手段技術上之不同而已。正因民主政治的背後，沒有一個更高的 理想在指導，則個人自由很直捷便轉落到物質享受上。資本主義的社會是讓人個別地競爭，共產社會則轉曏到無產階級集體競爭一面去，這亦可算是人生一進步。但 中國人以仁義道德來作人群集體的指導，尚和平，不尚竟爭，比西方的共產主義更進步更高明多了。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;今若把近代西方社會之種種演變，肯用稍深一層的眼光來觀察，則試問，共產主義的思想根據，固然是唯物的，而資本主義的終極趨曏，又何嘗不是唯物的呢？雙方 的共同點，豈不都是在物質經濟上？至於個人自由與階級鬥爭，則只是達到物質享受與經濟分配兩種手段技術上之不同而已。正因民主政治的背後，沒有一個更高的 理想在指導，則個人自由很直捷便轉落到物質享受上。資本主義的社會是讓人個別地競爭，共產社會則轉曏到無產階級集體競爭一面去，這亦可算是人生一進步。但 中國人以仁義道德來作人群集體的指導，尚和平，不尚竟爭，比西方的共產主義更進步更高明多了。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;毛澤東高捧馬、恩、列、斯，提倡共產主義。既得志，中國傳統士人如馬一浮、陳寅恪等諸人，皆若置身局外，絕無正面明白之批評與反對。中國文化傳統以仁慈為 中心，豈反文化亦必一反其自己之性情，此誠大堪警惕矣。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;錢穆：〈略論中國社會主義〉，收錄於《國史新論》 &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-5852174226345744877?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/5852174226345744877/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=5852174226345744877' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/5852174226345744877'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/5852174226345744877'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/05/blog-post_5161.html' title='共產主義與資本主義皆唯物'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-5138366224447918056</id><published>2010-05-05T11:04:00.001+01:00</published><updated>2010-05-05T11:08:56.902+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Chinese Theology'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Chinese History'/><title type='text'>義莊、會館、團練、經世濟國--可入華人/漢語神學否！</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 10px 5px 10px 10px; text-indent: 24pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 宋体;"&gt;以下引文有簡繁兩體 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 10px 5px 10px 10px; text-indent: 24pt;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 10px 5px 10px 10px; text-indent: 24pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 宋体;"&gt;自宋以下，士阶层中之尤要者，在其仍能推行古代社会通财之共产观念。即如宋代范仲淹之&lt;b style="color: #20124d;"&gt;义庄制度&lt;/b&gt;，即其一显例。范仲淹乃一贫寒之士，其父早卒，其母改嫁，范 氏就读僧寺中。乃其为秀才时，即以天下为己任。“先天下之忧而优，后天下之乐而乐”，主要可谓即在其具有通财共产之思想。及其为朝廷之副宰相，遂倡立义庄 制。顾亭林言：“仁义充塞，而至于率兽食人。人将相食，谓之亡天下。”范仲淹之创为义庄制度，岂非即是仁义一表现？此制即推行于此下之氏族中。同氏族中之 孤儿寡妇之养与教，皆由义庄公田负其任。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 10px 5px 10px 10px; text-indent: 24pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 宋体;"&gt; 范仲淹创此制，初推行于范、朱两姓。后乃通行全中国。每一氏族，各有义庄，历元、明、清三代不衰而益盛。如余家无锡延祥乡七房桥，钱氏一门七房，而共有义 庄三所。余幼孤，读书荡口镇之果育学校，亦华氏一义庄所主办。义庄非中国宋以后一明显之社会共产制度而何？&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 10px 5px 10px 10px; text-indent: 24pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 宋体;"&gt; &lt;b style="color: #20124d;"&gt;义庄之外，又有会馆&lt;/b&gt;，亦中国后代社会之一种共产制度。如清代戴震，以一穷举人入京师，即先寄生于其同乡会馆中。各省士人考进士试赴京师，寒士亦可各住其省 府之会馆中。如湘乡曾国藩可为一例。而中国人海外殖民，自明代三保太监下西洋，到处集居经商，亦均设有会馆。一穷氓流亡国外，只投身会馆中，住宿饮食皆得 解决。又可为介绍职业。此非又一通财共产之制而何？&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 10px 5px 10px 10px; text-indent: 24pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 宋体;"&gt; 又如清代嘉、道年间，川楚教匪乃及洪杨之乱，&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 宋体;"&gt;皆由地方团练，乡里自卫&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 宋体;"&gt;。曾国藩、国荃兄弟，乃以湘军平洪杨。李鸿章又以淮军平捻匪，皆地方团练，非政府军 队。乡里自卫，武力之共通亦如其财富产业之共通。中国历史，远自古代，即全农皆兵。保卫中央，戍守边防，亦属乡里自卫之外之部分任务。而地方自卫，乃中国 全农皆兵之主要责任。则全国不仅通财，亦复通力。国家夭下，乃如一体。故中国之军人亦称军士，又称武士，可见其与农、工、商三阶层有不同。中国人之所谓大 同太平，主要乃由文士武士之通力共财促成之。此皆涵有甚深之政治意味在内。&lt;b style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;中国古人言经济，所谓经国济世，亦不专指商业财富言。&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 10px 5px 10px 10px; text-indent: 24pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 宋体;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 10px 5px 10px 10px; text-indent: 24pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 宋体;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; 自宋以下，士階層中之尤要者，在其仍能推行古代社會通財之共產觀念。即如宋代範仲淹之&lt;b style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;義莊制度&lt;/b&gt;，即其一顯例。範仲淹乃一貧寒之士，其父早卒，其母改嫁，範 氏就讀僧寺中。乃其為秀才時，即以天下為己任。“先天下之憂而優，後天下之樂而樂”，主要可謂即在其具有通財共產之思想。及其為朝廷之副宰相，遂倡立義莊 制。顧亭林言：“仁義充塞，而至於率獸食人。人將相食，謂之亡天下。”範仲淹之創為義莊制度，豈非即是仁義一錶現？此制即推行於此下之氏族中。同氏族中之 孤兒寡婦之養與教，皆由義莊公田負其任。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;範仲淹創此制，初推行於範、朱兩姓。後乃通行全中國。每一氏族，各有義莊，歷元、明、清三代不衰而益盛。如余家無錫延祥鄉七房橋，錢氏一門七房，而共有義 莊三所。余幼孤，讀書蕩口鎮之果育學校，亦華氏一義莊所主辦。義莊非中國宋以後一明顯之社會共產制度而何？&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;義莊之外，又有會館&lt;/b&gt;，亦中國後代社會之一種共產制度。如清代戴震，以一窮舉人入京師，即先寄生於其同鄉會館中。各省士人考進士試赴京師，寒士亦可各住其省 府之會館中。如湘鄉曾國藩可為一例。而中國人海外殖民，自明代三保太監下西洋，到處集居經商，亦均設有會館。一窮氓流亡國外，只投身會館中，住宿飲食皆得 解決。又可為介紹職業。此非又一通財共產之制而何？&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;又如清代嘉、道年間，川楚教匪乃及洪楊之亂，皆由&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;地方團練&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;，鄉裡自衛。曾國藩、國荃兄弟，乃以湘軍平洪楊。李鴻章又以淮軍平捻匪，皆地方團練，非政府軍 隊。鄉裡自衛，武力之共通亦如其財富產業之共通。中國歷史，遠自古代，即全農皆兵。保衛中央，戍守邊防，亦屬鄉裡自衛之外之部分任務。而地方自衛，乃中國 全農皆兵之主要責任。則全國不僅通財，亦復通力。國家夭下，乃如一體。故中國之軍人亦稱軍士，又稱武士，可見其與農、工、商三階層有不同。中國人之所謂大 同太平，主要乃由文士武士之通力共財促成之。此皆涵有甚深之政治意味在內。&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;中國古人言經濟，所謂經國濟世，亦不專指商業財富言。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 10px 5px 10px 10px; text-align: right; text-indent: 24pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 宋体;"&gt;錢穆：〈略論中國社會主義〉（1987），收錄於《國史新論》&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&amp;nbsp;以上選文中有幾個鑰詞鑰句，是我覺得可以作華人（中國）神學反思和建構需考慮的。義莊觀念有點像今天的NGO和慈善機構，會館在二、三十年前的南洋社會仍發揮作用，今日則式微了。這兩者和地方團練，都反映了一種有別於單強調個人的民主民權，或許和communalism, communitarianism有可相互映暉、可資溝通處。過往，有華人神學工作者留意過漢語之文化語境中「群」的觀念，主要安置於儒家的語境中來提出。但我猜想要進一步走入處境，而非只在思想層面作出疏理的話，研究義莊、會館、團練這幾個文化遺產在華人社會的影響，以及它們和「民主」「民權」的觀念對話，將有助於探討當今之華人之社會政治情貌。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;另外，所謂「經世濟國」，也是讀者熟悉的概念。但如何使用它作為一神學的主題，重新開拓與發揚，並作出神學的反省，使神學在此文化語境中留下一點足跡，尚待有心人之努力和貢獻。&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-5138366224447918056?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/5138366224447918056/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=5138366224447918056' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/5138366224447918056'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/5138366224447918056'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/05/blog-post_05.html' title='義莊、會館、團練、經世濟國--可入華人/漢語神學否！'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-4294955213366921340</id><published>2010-05-04T23:18:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-05-04T23:18:22.052+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Chinese History'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='democracy'/><title type='text'>錢穆：民實無主，何能主政？--你怎麼看？</title><content type='html'>&lt;blockquote&gt;「近百年來，中國備受西方帝國主義資本主義之欺凌壓迫，思欲一變傳統，以效法乎彼。於是社 會劇變，歷兩三千年來為社會領導中心之士階層，亦日趨沒落。至於最近，幾失存在。往日之士精神，已渺不復見。而工商企業之資本家，則尚未成熟，未能確然負 起領導社會之責任。於是整個社會乃真如一盤散沙，不得不待政府之排布。而政府又高呼民主，民實無主，何能主政？抑且西方近代資本社會與其民主政府，亦經長 時期之禪遞推進而有今日。其所成就，何可一蹴即幾。今日中國社會傳統架構已被毀。而其基礎，則兩三干年來，深埋厚築，急切猶難挖掘凈盡。此下之中國社會， 將成何態，非有高見卓識深謀遠慮之士，難窺其仿佛。盲人騎瞎馬，夜半臨深池，洵堪為今日之中國社會詠矣。」&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;錢穆，〈再論中國社會演變〉，收錄於《國史新論》&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-4294955213366921340?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/4294955213366921340/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=4294955213366921340' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/4294955213366921340'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/4294955213366921340'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/05/blog-post_423.html' title='錢穆：民實無主，何能主政？--你怎麼看？'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-1029473809705480488</id><published>2010-05-04T14:53:00.001+01:00</published><updated>2010-05-04T23:39:14.607+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='reflection'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Chinese church'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='theological education'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Chinese Theology'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='theology'/><title type='text'>學術、反智、華人教會、神學人雜談（一）</title><content type='html'>上一則博文&lt;a href="http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/05/blog-post_03.html"&gt;〈神學 家，請別看輕膚淺〉（另見http://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=387737282842&amp;amp;comments=）&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;引起同窗好友在面子書上作出回應，心裡由衷感謝，謂吾乃「誅心」之論，實不敢當。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;如果最近的文章有得罪任何人，實非本意，可能出於本人之無知。但若所言能點出一、二真相，而有拋磚引玉之效，那也已超過所求所想。言歸正傳。 &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;我想神學（人）邊沿化的問題，是個多面向的問題。試舉以下四點：一、知識與教會之反智？二、西方神學邊沿化的論述之餘波與華人神學界之反反智情境共振，三、神學人對學術之認知和定義，以至自我角色之定位，四、角色和定位相應於自己文化處境的關係。&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;華人教會反智嗎？這一點我看大多同僚皆如此認定。反學術嗎？可能也是。這一點我個人是擔心的，考慮到自己回國服務後，到底有沒有空間對一些問題作深入的研究，所以神學學術之邊沿化和屆時我個所可能面對的處境，我是深感心有憾憾焉！這個張力是必然純在的。如何作、如何開拓空間？ &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;以下幾點，與其說是清楚的論述，不如說是一些斷斷續續的想法，我認為和所謂神學（人）邊沿化有多少關係。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;我想大凡社會，皆多「反智」和「膚淺」之人，僅以新舊約聖經而論，聖經神學家進入這些文本的時候，托訓練之工，能一層層的走進當時的歷史、文化、事件的脈胳等層面作出重構（reconstruction） 。能如此分析和解讀，就不會斷章取義，妄發謬論，這的確如此。不過，重構亦有重構之合理與否，理據之充足與否，這就分別出學術之優劣了。但底線是不可忘記這些重構也先立於假設上，而重構也畢竟是重構。 &lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;再回到所分析的文本之背後的歷史社會和文化處境，普羅大眾佔的是多少，能看見這些普羅大眾之為普羅大眾，能分析文本之神學（寫作人之對當時現象作出神學詮釋）與文本所反映的社會現象，以及社會現象之本身（那其實是不可還原的），那是今日神學人之學術工夫。但直接促使某些現象之產生者，乃是普羅大眾及膚淺者。其膚淺可能是生命之膚淺，不能單以學識之膚淺理解之。比如說，以色列民出埃及後，其生命之膚淺（對上帝的認識和上帝的心意之認識並能體貼上帝心意而生命承擔實在是淺薄得很）促成了當時西乃山下造金牛犢之事，這種以色列的社會現象，呈現的和今日我們在社會和教會所見，無多大分別。 &lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;我想說的是，不論是哪個時代的種種現象，都有現象之重重層層面面，現代和古代之現象本身皆無等級差，皆為現象而已。能疏理古代之現象並不因此更有學問。但話說回來，古代之現象因資料、語言、文獻、考古之問題，對作古代社會現象之研究者之挑戰的確是大的。為要對古代現象有趨近值的認知而投身專研以至有寶貴的發現，的確需要深切的委身，而這種委身就是學術精神，也是要大大尊重的。 &lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;一般對學術之誤解，可能其中一個原因在於不瞭解。以為引經據典、發表所謂高深的學識便是學術。對一般人而言，如果聽不懂的內容，不論是多珍貴的發現，也是沒有用，也會對學術留下一個「無用」的錯誤印象。這樣說來，學者也負有極重的責任，即溝通。一者溝通何為真正的學術，其目的為何！二者，把所研發的發現化成眾人能明白的內容，所謂能明白，即明白其有用，有適切性，不一定明白研究的內容本身。 &lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;當然，有些研究，如以上所言古代社會現象之研究，其一點的發現（相對於前人的研究） 如何讓人明白其重要性呢？作研究的學者本身可能因研究之demanding nature，已無暇作溝通的工作，以致無人能明白其重要性。就這點而言，在神學邊沿化的問題上，還有一類的神學工作者，就是把神學之工作（聖經研究、神學研究等）溝通給普羅大眾聽。 &lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;聽眾是要培養的，就如流行歌手一樣，其宣傳包裝等工夫，都是為了培養受眾，以免被善忘的受眾遺棄。要不斷的溝通！換句話說，神學也要藉著溝通而不斷出現在受眾中。（當然，前述所謂「適切性」是溝通的關鍵）甚麼神學是受眾能接受的呢？你的傳遞和溝通、介紹，使那本不為受眾所以為有關切性的課題，變為切身的。 &lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;回到我們所說的古代與當今社會現象之皆為社會現象，無孰高孰低的立論上，我們再重申：古代的研究或許牽涉實在的技術難題，但學者不當因此認為能研究古代社會現象，就不自覺的自抬身份，或者以為自己從事的是非常了不起的事了。（這樣的心態：我們的受眾必會抗拒，人心都一樣，對自我標榜者皆有意無意間會排斥）。我想這或許包括指我們這些神學人可能在未成熟的時候所表現出來的言行，以至讓人不敢領教。大家不好當面指責，就只能客氣的說：「這些只有你們高人才搞得懂。」 &lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;這樣說來，可能可以進一步探討：大眾是反智呢？還是因反所謂「智者」而變得好像也反智了。以教會而言，哥林多前書一至四章可能有助長反智之風。但不能全歸咎於此。 &lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;其實，一般人怎麼會反智呢？除了箴言說的愚妄人，沒有人不愛有智慧的。我們豈不都禱告，求主賜給我們智慧，指導我們如何過此一生等等。 &lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;所以問題也有可能出在溝通。舉本人當前的論文，我覺得其中一個掙扎就是如何把我的發現溝通給我的受眾。敝論文必須把易經文本溝通給神學界，既要兼顧易經文本之作為之古代文獻的研究，在討論時不能僅作泛泛之言，卻又不能把它寫得太專太多細節，以至神學界的讀者不知我說甚麼。我自認這點是還沒作得成功。 &lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;故此，如何溝通？溝通給誰？這些都要定位。如果說我們的神學要不被邊沿化，那我們就必須作好溝通的工作，認定那一個群體是你的讀者群、你的受眾。如果已認定教會普通大眾非你的讀者群，則被對方視為無用、無關，也不當感到自憐和不滿。 &lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;到底我們作研究、我們學術的使命是甚麼呢？為甚麼學術是我們的呼召呢？我們是站在哪個傳統有此感召呢？是先知嗎？是文士嗎？是中國知識份子（仕）嗎？誰或哪個權力中心、哪個群體賦予我們發言權呢？我們向誰發言呢？神學人以如何定義知識呢？所謂反智，反的是甚麼呢？這些問題背後，仍有許多深層文化交錯場域。&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;待續&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-1029473809705480488?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/1029473809705480488/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=1029473809705480488' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/1029473809705480488'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/1029473809705480488'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/05/blog-post_04.html' title='學術、反智、華人教會、神學人雜談（一）'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-7706127444935313243</id><published>2010-05-03T18:05:00.002+01:00</published><updated>2010-05-03T18:16:06.833+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='reflection'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Contextual'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Chinese Theology'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='theologian'/><title type='text'>神學家，請別看輕膚淺</title><content type='html'>這想法：「神學家，請別看輕膚淺」在我腦海裡已潛藏一段日子了吧！&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;為何有此似反咭之論呢？&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;我想這是對學者、神學家、學有專長和知識的人仕表達一點不滿和不削。首先，我們有甚麼不是領受而來的，竟然譏嘲那養我們、育我們的大環境。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;我本出身西馬來西亞漁村，人口三萬左右，後隨父遷到東馬斗湖，也不是大地方，人口十萬左右。這兩個地方，套句聖經的話說：「xxx能出甚麼好的。」中學後到台中中興大學就學，那時對哈佛、普林斯頓、劍橋、牛津等名校，也可能尚未聽聞，真所謂孤陋寡聞，也沒想過要入這些學府。當時能進大學已經很幸運了，大哥、大姐、二姐因家境不許可，都沒有如此機會。讀中興大學，比起台大似乎低了一截。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;後來在香港浸信會神學院讀神學，亦非名校，只是信實上帝開的路。我有甚麼比別人強的呢？沒有！誠如保羅在哥林多前書一章說：「你們這些蒙召的，按人來看有智慧的不多，有權勢的不多，出身尊貴的也不多」（26節）。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;今天，在所謂的名學府繼續進修，原是幾年前深羨的。但如今已近尾聲，我有甚麼覺悟呢？我想強調的只有一點：我不比我其他兄姐強，只是上主給了我機會。我大姐、二姐憑自己的努力，今天在原有的成就上，為完成心願，分別也完成一個學位。我深深敬佩。以他們對家庭的付出而言，他們比我更為有義。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;我這麼說，是想指出，今天許多華人神學界的學人們，能在神學上有一點發言之智，其實大多應許先是建立在他人的犧牲、他人願意提供機會的基礎上。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;我們被寄託深造學習，為的是希望我們能回饋於我們所屬的群體。（可能有些人是自費，在經濟上是不欠誰，也不需要向誰交賬，但甚麼叫負義呢？它包括我們該所該覆行的沒覆行：如該在這幾年報答父母、該投入和貢獻社會，卻都沒有。這些我們都虧欠了，怎能說誰都沒虧欠呢？）我們如何能自鳴清高的在學而有成之後，批評這些信仰群體膚淺呢？這說法讓我想起中國民間故事裡的窮書生赴京考試金榜高中，得了狀元衣錦還遠，見到當年同甘共苦的糟糠之妻卻加以嫌棄。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;學成有小成，應該有的心態是：多給誰，就向誰多取。要帶著作父母官的心裡，不好高務遠，不以為自己已經踏上了學術的殿堂，接下來沿著此路繼續往上爬便是。作神學如為父母官，以服務鄉民為己任，自己的本家、自己的教會、華人教會，都可以是我們的家鄉，他們在你眼中膚淺嗎？愚昧嗎？這就是你之受託要服務的對象。別弄錯了！你的對象不是那些學者。將來上帝所看的，也不是你的學術成就。學術成就不該是我們的目標，而是我們委身於神、對我們的託付的副產品。有人說，我們的神學家就教會和社會而言，都被邊沿化了。我想我們要擺脫這種Narcisssus 情意結，不是我們被邊沿化了，而是我們自己把自己邊沿化了，是我們自己脫離了人群，離開了我們的家鄉，拋棄了我們的糟糠之妻。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;我們的神學精神是甚麼？到底這神學精神存不存在！我們自己若不覺悟，又豈能盡責怪我們的「同胞」呢？&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-7706127444935313243?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/7706127444935313243/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=7706127444935313243' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/7706127444935313243'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/7706127444935313243'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/05/blog-post_03.html' title='神學家，請別看輕膚淺'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-2656650243699433251</id><published>2010-05-01T22:22:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-05-01T22:22:27.171+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Chinese History'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='emperor'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Song Dynasty'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='bureaucracy'/><title type='text'>Confucian Bereaucracy versus Emperor's Execution of Power Pour raison d'etat</title><content type='html'>&lt;blockquote&gt;"From the Song period on, one sees within the imperial Confucian polity a civil administrative complex and a military power-holding complex ruling in tandem.&amp;nbsp; Both were necessary to govern the state.&amp;nbsp; The civil complex includes the examination degree-holders and scholar-official civil servants trained in Neo-Confucianism, together with the local elite or gentry class that produced them.&amp;nbsp; The second and less studied component, the military complex, consists of the emperor, his family, and their nobility, army striking forces and garrison troops, plus the palace (110) eunuchs and security apparatus (as we would now call it) that were all especially attached to the emperor.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Perhaps we can discern a certain division of functions between these two complexes.&amp;nbsp; As suggested above, imperial autocracy was a necessary counterpart to bureaucratic administration. It could be a&amp;nbsp; nonroutinized, autonomous source of innovation or sudden intervention.&amp;nbsp; It was naturally unpredictable, often ruthless, potentially disastrous.&amp;nbsp; In the well-organized Confucian order the emperor functioned both at the apex of the structure and yet at the same time represented in its highest form the principle of violent disorder.&amp;nbsp; He was, for one thing, the great executioner.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Almost from the beginning the government of China had been a co-dominion of these two functions.&amp;nbsp; Inner Asian tribal warriors had contributed to the imperial power-holding function through a continuing pattern of pastoral nomadic militarism.&amp;nbsp; The other function was performed by Chinese Confucian civil administrators.&amp;nbsp; Dynasties were militarist in origin, but once established, their bureaucracies were civilian.&amp;nbsp; The ideology of each was suited to its needs.&amp;nbsp; The men of violence who founded dynasties believed in the Mandate of Heaven, which was confirmed as theirs when resistance ceased.&amp;nbsp; The scholar-administrators who staffed their bureaucracies looked down upon men of violence, who by their recourse to force (&lt;i&gt;wu&lt;/i&gt;) showed themselves lacking in cultivation (&lt;i&gt;wen&lt;/i&gt;).&amp;nbsp; The central myth of the Confucian state was that the ruler's exemplary and benevolent conduct manifesting his personal virtue (&lt;i&gt;de&lt;/i&gt;) drew the people to him and gave him the Mandate.&amp;nbsp; This could be said as long as rebels could be suppressed, preferably by decapitation.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The great weakness in this Confucian myth of the state was that the ruler, if he wanted to keep on ruling, could never dispense with his militaristic prerogative of decapitating whom he pleases &lt;i&gt;pour raison d'etat&lt;/i&gt;, to reserve the dynasty.&amp;nbsp; Thus, government under imperial Confucianism was conducted by bureaucrats who served under an autocrat, and they depended upon one another.&amp;nbsp; In practice, a balance was often reached between &lt;i&gt;wen&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;wu&lt;/i&gt; when Confucian-trained territorial administrators were allowed to command troops to destroy rebels.&amp;nbsp; Many scholars specialized in military matters; some becaume able generals.&amp;nbsp; Yet all held power only at the whim of the emperor."&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;John Fairbank, China: A New History, 110-111.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-2656650243699433251?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/2656650243699433251/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=2656650243699433251' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/2656650243699433251'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/2656650243699433251'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/05/confucian-bereaucracy-versus-emperors.html' title='Confucian Bereaucracy versus Emperor&apos;s Execution of Power Pour raison d&apos;etat'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-1052682414727378388</id><published>2010-05-01T15:22:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-05-01T15:22:56.330+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Chinese Theology'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='theology'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Chinese History'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='theology of history'/><title type='text'>華人的歷史神學研究（三）</title><content type='html'>再說到取材、文本，華人的歷史神學之研究，也可以選定幾個事件，不必以個人獨立之閱讀史籍原典開始，而是從當代某些已廣為討論的人物、事件等為基礎，才進一步沿前人之研究足蹟，追溯事件、找到神學之切入點。不同人可以有不同的神學切入點，但以作歷史神學之研究而言，以建立神學史觀的關注為焦點：一者探討事件之複雜關係，二者按一般史家探討前因後果，事件之後果可避免否，事件之發生和演變就各深層文化語言之層次而言作文化與哲學的反思，三者切入神學之反思。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;這第三點比較迂迴繁複。首先，必須選取一適切的聖經章節，以舊約歷史書為比較適合，針對聖經敘事對某人物和事件之神學評論進入其中的神學，然後以該神學回到前述中國歷史事蹟。但明顯的，中國歷史之事件因無相同的神學文化語境，產生不出相同的反省，而硬把舊約之神學文化語境植入也容易顯得生硬牽強。這樣，可以如何進行呢？&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;難處之一是，如何為神發言，舉例而言，在中國語境中，過往的史家、文學家大膽的對事件作闡釋，比如說為堯、為舜之正當性，以天命正其名。比如說道教之曰某朝某代氣數已盡，這氬都是詮釋，都是以宗教信仰賦予正當性。我們如何以同樣的詮釋植上帝之名入事件中呢？比如說張居正之改革如何合上帝心意，何處又不合了呢？個人覺得，我們作此類詮釋時，不必如獲神諭神旨般發命詮釋，而是建立於聖經神學之神國倫理觀、價值觀，如儒家等向來在儒家人物筆下對歷史作評注一般，對事件作出神學詮釋。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;但能否建立神學史觀呢？舊約之神學史觀有一線的發展，有時間線性，才能有史的視角。單一事件，必須放在事件前所類積出的神學觀作詮釋，比如說入迦南的事件、大衛的事件都會在上帝與亞伯拉罕立約的史觀角度下作出評估。然後，還要在事件之後如何與上帝的應許，即應許之地之理想之實現相呼應，建立上帝國與義、子民作聖潔見證的理想之實現（一直以來以色列民沒有完全實現這一點）。以當代神學家莫特曼的日神學語語而論，即是以上帝的終末作為那對應的未來和應許之終點，對照當前之事件。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;所以，要建構中國歷史之神學，必須建構一以聖經神學為基準的神國約、應許和終末論，在中國歷史敘事中找到這樣的平行詮釋架構，把所有事件載入或置於這樣框架中作詮釋，如此，方能作出神學史論。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;不過，按舊約歷史之史論和中國故有比如儒家史論，皆非一人之功，非一朝一夕一代之功，而是歷千秋所積，且化入了文化語境之中。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;此工程之難之大，非誇大其詞也！&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-1052682414727378388?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/1052682414727378388/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=1052682414727378388' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/1052682414727378388'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/1052682414727378388'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/05/blog-post.html' title='華人的歷史神學研究（三）'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-3205742813912982926</id><published>2010-04-29T18:23:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-04-29T18:23:16.523+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Chinese Theology'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Chinese History'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Chinese Classics'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='theology of history'/><title type='text'>華人的歷史神學研究（二）</title><content type='html'>「華人」或「中國」、「漢語」、「中華」，「漢文化」，暫時無法決定。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;再思上一則文章所提的ideological categories，其實可以再進一步考慮其他的。就之前提的農民起義，其實並非ideological categories。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;此處，我進一步想到的兩方面，一是就文本，而是就宗教而論。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;就漢典而言，文本不限於儒家文獻，事實上所謂非儒家是否真非儒家不是最重要，因為比如以先秦而言，不同學派者都應用共同的基本概念。只是在詮釋上有所區別。此外，還有儒家經典外的歷史論述。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;另外，先秦道家以及後來的雜家論述、東漢以後出現的道教著作，再後者是佛教的重點論述，再往下是北宋諸子的論述，再選宋之全真道、明清黃宗羲、王夫之，則足矣！基本上，材料可以包括：&lt;br /&gt;一）四書五經，（不一定都用上，初步的擬定）&lt;br /&gt;二）史籍：史記、漢書&lt;br /&gt;三）道德經、&lt;br /&gt;四）法家、雜家之著述 &lt;br /&gt;五）道教典籍，須請教專家。 &lt;br /&gt;六）佛教典籍，須請教專家。&lt;br /&gt;七）其他&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;基本上，文本及ideological categories 須互相配合。除之前所提，加上道佛教之後，便可進一步思想劫的概念等。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;不過，言及於此，已見此工程之難，也更見筆者才學疏淺。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;回到原點：為甚麼要處理歷史神學？因為筆者相信，在漢語的文化語境裡言說一個能感應此文化語境中的人的歷史哲學，進而以神學反省與批判，才是叫此文化語境中人感到上帝之與人相關處，不止是個人的命，而是歷史文化的命和歸處。&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-3205742813912982926?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/3205742813912982926/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=3205742813912982926' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/3205742813912982926'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/3205742813912982926'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/04/blog-post_7668.html' title='華人的歷史神學研究（二）'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-4547498490536883038</id><published>2010-04-29T11:35:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-04-29T11:35:40.776+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Asian theology'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Chinese Theology'/><title type='text'>華人的歷史神學研究</title><content type='html'>搜索內心這幾年來未了的論述課題：歷史神學：從中國歷史敘事出發。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;這麼重要的課題，為何許多當代神學能人未能開拓此領域呢？是無可反省、根本與神學無關、不知從何作起？還是甚麼原因？我想後者可能性頗大。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;說起歷史神學，說不定還有扯上政治神學，因為中國歷史與政治論述離不了關係。當然，這還要看研究者本人的旨趣。政治論述或敘事始終有立場、有作者寫作動機、立足之場域。學者可能不從一般史籍著手，而進入文學、小品、雜文等文本，從而建構(construct)一個歷史世界和敘事文本，在這之上才進行神學反省。這神學反省又是一個複雜的工夫，容後再論。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;先不說以上所略帶過的非正規文本，就以中國史籍之浩瀚，既無人取用之作神學反省，如何找到定點，如何處理文本，哪些文本，都是不容易處理的。再加上確定了文本，閱讀和理解這一層工夫也是費煞心力。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;我個人目前的一點想法是，其中一個入手之處是：&lt;br /&gt;（一）鎖定幾個鑰題motif或 ideological category，如勢、亂、治、黨、天命、農民起義、土伐軍寨、中央與諸侯。&lt;br /&gt;（二）選取幾個中英文的中國歷史哲學為主要secondary source。&lt;br /&gt;（三）捨西方的歷史神學論述，或只選幾個主要的、且是論題論至相關處，才批判性的引述以深化討論和對有關問題作多角度的反省。西方歷史神學對歷史的批判能有助於刺激開發我們問一些有用和準確的問題。&lt;br /&gt;（四）新舊約聖經的文本處理和再詮釋。再詮釋，因為從中國的ideological category 出發，必開發一些新的lens （我不贊同牽強的亂讀），強調新的lens為學者所自然開展的視域和視角，看見別人所未看見的。文本沒變，但留意處變了。這當然也要仰仗許多現有的新舊約歷史研究和神學研究作重要的secondary sources，比如說如何看 Detero-history等等。&lt;br /&gt;（五）可以預期的是，這樣的神學建構，也必然是一種嶄新的聖經詮釋和聖經歷史神學。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;以上只要暫時的想法，雖然兩三年來都不斷作此想，但論文在手未完成，二功力不足，不知從何下手。只是芻議，望各界前輩可以寶貴建議。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;此外，回至沙巴，要獲得這些研究的材料，已經是個重要挑戰。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;說不定該成立一個基金，望有心者可贊助研究費。&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-4547498490536883038?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/4547498490536883038/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=4547498490536883038' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/4547498490536883038'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/4547498490536883038'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/04/blog-post_29.html' title='華人的歷史神學研究'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-7506146621410471070</id><published>2010-04-28T22:37:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-04-28T22:37:39.024+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='research method'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='methodology'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='thesis'/><title type='text'>化「擺脫不了」的主觀為論文堂而皇之之方法論（一）</title><content type='html'>我的論文終於於昨天交了。論文題目是：〈一個華人傳道對易傳和保羅書信的雙瞳詮釋：以勢之主體經驗為焦點〉（A DOUBLE VISION HERMENEUTICS OF A CHINESE PASTOR’S SUBJECTIVE EXPERIENCE IN/OF SHÌ ENGAGING YÌZHUÀN AND PAULINE TEXTS）。英文“subjective experience” 遜於中文「主體經驗」。Subjective 似乎暗示「主觀」，即不客觀。當然，冠以subjective，我認為我的經驗有其獨特性，即受限於我的處境、知識、背景、在經驗前之經驗時的場域(situations)皆有一定的effected historicity.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;在論文之寫作過程，我無法擺脫這論文之說到底，我最關心的是為我的經驗說明。越是寫便越覺得自己是在作一種a posteriori的陳述。我不關心學界曾以哪種方式闡述過「勢」，事實上，至少在神學研究上的，我所作的是破天荒第一個。同時，也不曾有過易經和保羅的跨文本閱讀或對話。當然，這種跨領域的寫作，有人會譏笑說：「當然沒有人作過啦！你是撿便宜的。很有『獨創』性」，意思可能是說，反正你怎麼寫都可以。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;重點是，我不關心有沒有作過，也不必關心。歸根究底，我心中完全是想把我所經驗的「勢」說明清楚，不但說明，還要放在自己身上來解釋：即「我」不願受困於勢，因我看見自己受「勢」之文化意識型態所牽引，也看見別的教牧如此，「我」不得不問：我的出路在哪裡呢？反己修身嗎？這是建立德性之路，即是說，我的出路在成德。此處的「我」也限指那作為傳道人的我，（我既身為傳道人，又怎能不是這個我呢！）所以，說「我的出路在成德」也便是說「作為傳道人的、那經驗勢的我，其出路在成德。」&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;不！雖然中國傳統之一的儒家，至少從易經所反映出來的，的確是如此，但作為傳道人，透過保羅，所看到的是「誇自己軟弱」、是恩典。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;來來去去，從頭到尾，是我。這樣，我必須為我的論文定位，我的研究目的是「為我」，故此，我的方法也要與「為我」一致。故此，此論文是heuristic的，是「為我」而「尋」，論文是過程既是re-search，便是「再」尋那在我裡面經驗了、發生了的，並為它說明。而我賴以說明的，其一本就是我文化語境裡的這個「勢」，以及易經之時位和變易觀，其二則是保羅對律法、對罪、對「世上小學」、對權位、對高智等之迷戀之大力駁斥。這兩者，也都發自我裡面。我只消對二文本作有效的exegesis and exposition，再進一步進入勢之主體經驗作出詮釋，即大功告成。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;然而，對勢之主體經驗之再視、再尋與詢（re-search），本身也是進一步的經驗，此外，進入易經與保羅此兩文本的經驗，也是在re-search 過程中的新經驗，此新經驗和原有的經驗不能機械性的作出分隔。必須把它也涵攝進入詮釋之域。這樣每一次、每一階段的詮釋和理解，都會產生一種新的存在境界(new mode of being)。所以我的heuristic research 基本上是一個journey，是open-ended的。&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-7506146621410471070?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/7506146621410471070/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=7506146621410471070' title='5 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/7506146621410471070'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/7506146621410471070'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/04/blog-post_28.html' title='化「擺脫不了」的主觀為論文堂而皇之之方法論（一）'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>5</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-3401282172871752257</id><published>2010-04-27T16:25:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-04-27T16:25:51.800+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Just War'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Romans 13'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Stanley Hauerwas'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Pacifism'/><title type='text'>Yoder on Roman 13, What do you think?</title><content type='html'>&lt;blockquote&gt;"Affirmation like Romans 13 are made not to encourage Christians to help run the Roman empire (which was not a historical possibility, not even imaginable), but help Christians be at peace with&lt;i&gt; the fact that they could not do anything&lt;/i&gt; about the Roman empire in its negative impact upon them.&amp;nbsp; Paul wants the Christians in the capital city to see that &lt;i&gt;the world that was not under their control was still not out from under God's control&lt;/i&gt;.&amp;nbsp; God had a function for pagan power."&amp;nbsp; &lt;i&gt;Italic&lt;/i&gt; mine (Yoder, &lt;i&gt;Christian Attitudes&lt;/i&gt;, 448, cited from Hauerwas, &lt;i&gt;Dispatches from the Front&lt;/i&gt;, 132-33).&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-3401282172871752257?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/3401282172871752257/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=3401282172871752257' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/3401282172871752257'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/3401282172871752257'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/04/yoder-on-roman-13-what-do-you-think.html' title='Yoder on Roman 13, What do you think?'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-8650574430733562693</id><published>2010-04-27T15:06:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-04-27T15:06:16.888+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='practical theology'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Chinese Theology'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='theology'/><title type='text'>仍愛西方．善用西方</title><content type='html'>這兩三年部落格上留言給人的印象是：唯華人、本色、處境神學方為真神學，似乎欲棄西方二千年基督教傳統，高舉華人本色。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;其實留下這樣的印象我固責無旁貸，但本意卻不是如此。吾之發言和論調主要是處境性的，是針對華人神學之發展之怪現象而說的。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;平心而論，西方神學有許多值得學習之處，但問題是如何用之。我認為這些資源不能越殂代庖，宣賓奪主。作神學者，必須立足所處所認定委身的處境，以自己所關注的當代議題為焦點，既要注意所處文化語境之歷史層層關係，也可參考相似議題曾以甚麼面貌在西方出現，而西方神學家曾如何處理。就聖經作為資源而論，西方神學家在處理所關注之課題時如何進入聖經文本、如何作當代詮釋，這些是我們可以借鏡的。當中，每個時代處境之不同，自然有助於呈現有關議題可能有的各種面貌以及可回應的各種方式。這也就是說，每個出現過的面向都成作為我們的借鏡。然後，再回到我們心中的焦點，以作神學者自己的角度作出詮釋和立論。&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-8650574430733562693?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/8650574430733562693/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=8650574430733562693' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/8650574430733562693'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/8650574430733562693'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/04/blog-post_27.html' title='仍愛西方．善用西方'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-9118293106545288151</id><published>2010-04-25T12:36:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-04-25T12:36:37.181+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Malaysia'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Chinese Theology'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='theology'/><title type='text'>釋「回到傳統」</title><content type='html'>前幾天寫了一帖&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/04/blog-post.html"&gt;耶穌我知道， 保羅我也知道，但巴特、侯活士，他們是誰？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;有網友對頗在意我引用之麥格夫所鼓勵「回到傳統」的說法。案此回到傳統，不是擁抱傳統、傳統文化之類的文化本位主義，或高唱華人文化之優越之論。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;我所說的回到傳統，意思是指，我們身為華人、使用華文時，難免進入其文化語境，比如我們看為平常的「己所不欲、勿施於人」；「小不忍者亂大謀」等。即使說不出這些語彙者，如我們之某些長輩，其方言裡亦多少反映了「唐人」（即華人）的語言文化傳統。一走進這裡頭，無法避免地要牽涉到那相對於歐美之語言文化語境及歷史過程之分別。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;所謂「回到傳統」，是指文化語境所根植的更早的源自先秦或更早，繼而活存於更新於歷代的一些深層概念，是比我們個別人、甚至比當代歷史處境更大的先我們而存的文化語境。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;走進這「傳統」是不得已的，也為的是避免棄此cultural linguistic context而認西方discourse（言說）為母，卻不認清人家是在自己的文化歷史語境中作批判、更新和再現的工作。我們既沒分享同一個歷史文化處（語）境，我們在使用其言說的時候若不加以分辨地使用，豈不是所謂的拾人牙慧、讓人笑掉了牙。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;我曾被一位導師問及，你所說的勢，我不覺得有甚麼特別，其他文化語境也有、當代社會學也討論。我回答：是的，沒錯。但對我而，先入為主，在我能articulate 所見之現象為勢時，勢之意識已先在於我的文化語境中，也在我的主體或主觀意識裡了。選擇以勢為焦點，不單是我選擇了它，更是它選擇了我、預定了我。選擇勢而不選擇其他有關「權」的理論，是我認為這更有文化適切性。當然我也可以反問：為甚麼其他那些學者要開創甚麼權力的理論，勢的原理早已存在。（但相信許多人都不會這樣要求，除非一天「勢」的權力理論已被重新開放而成為當代的言說，出現在華文以外的語境中）。我相信其他當代西方權力理論家如傅科（我其實沒讀多少他的東四），他們在建構其權力哲學時，按西方的傳統，必定是要一一處理過去自希臘大哲、歷經兩千年西方文化（神學、哲學）論述而來，一一判批與建構。由此可見，他們之所為是「回到傳統」，但所作的不是捍衛傳統，而是批判、更新、傳承、再造。但這些都必須依附於「傳統」來進行。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;我們華文的文化語境同樣有豐富的資源作相類似的批判、更新、傳承、再造的工作。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;這裡按馬來西亞華人而言，我們還有一層馬來西亞之獨特處境，我初步想，這處境和原生華文文化語境並非斷裂的關係。但相對而言是較短的，不過這問題亦相當複雜，比如說這還可以牽涉到這種文化人格分裂症現象的問題。不過，若有時間，下回再作分解吧！&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-9118293106545288151?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/9118293106545288151/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=9118293106545288151' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/9118293106545288151'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/9118293106545288151'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/04/blog-post_25.html' title='釋「回到傳統」'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-8660945819367468067</id><published>2010-04-23T12:13:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-04-23T12:13:28.713+01:00</updated><title type='text'>Recommend Reading: D.A. Carson on how to do Biblical Studies… « nijay k gupta</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://nijaygupta.wordpress.com/2010/04/21/d-a-carson-on-how-to-do-biblical-studies/"&gt;D.A. Carson on how to do Biblical Studies… « nijay k gupta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-8660945819367468067?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://nijaygupta.wordpress.com/2010/04/21/d-a-carson-on-how-to-do-biblical-studies/' title='Recommend Reading: D.A. Carson on how to do Biblical Studies… « nijay k gupta'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/8660945819367468067/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=8660945819367468067' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/8660945819367468067'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/8660945819367468067'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/04/recommend-reading-da-carson-on-how-to.html' title='Recommend Reading: D.A. Carson on how to do Biblical Studies… « nijay k gupta'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-931911048831124994</id><published>2010-04-22T17:20:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2010-04-22T17:20:30.917+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='reflection'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='theological education'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Asian theology'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='pastoral theology'/><title type='text'>耶穌我知道，保羅我也知道，但巴特、侯活士，他們是誰？</title><content type='html'>接觸神學至今，簡單而言，可以分成三個時期。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;一九九四年，進入HKBTS時，對不少神學課題都開放和有興趣，越是被認識是大師的，便越覺得自己認至少讀其著作，不要多，一本也好。有從美國回來的老師說，阿華田加好立克之合成神學家，其神學是二十世界不或忽略的，我立志要讀其書。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;第二時間可以說在神學院初次任教期間，當時我也覺得甚有欲望把西方神學家介紹給學生，（主要偏重於廿世紀神學家，因自己對早期教父只懂得他們對三一論和神人論有一點理解，對改教教之神學也沒有作過專著的閱讀），於是比如前合成神學家、以及莫待慢成了我所推崇。不喜歡巴特的教義學無所不包。（其實我懷疑他是為自己而寫的）。 那幾年侯活士、潘霍華也得了某些神學人的鍾情。我心中的感覺是，流行的風是從系統神學吸向神學倫理學。（我猜測接下來實踐神學會有領風騷的機會。）無論如何，心中難免有種難免虛空的感覺。為何唱來唱去就是這些歌，學了唱西洋歌曲。不是西洋歌不好。也某程度同意一些人的想法，是人家寫得好唱得好，好的不分東西，而且誰叫你作不出好東西來。但問題是，這也不能因此就要把這些進口話當作寶，皆紛紛回應討論。問題是你們是受了訓練的人，是能「作詞作曲」，難道這就是你交出來的創作？&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;這時期的矛盾和自覺荒謬之處是，教神學課，就是不斷把一些不相干的名字告訴神學生，說這人重要，那人重要。罪過！罪過！他們來神學院，以為要認識上帝的話，認識上帝，學習如何把信仰從聖經「翻譯」到現實處境和教會牧養的場所，但發現神學院老師只是把一些的外國觀念介紹給他們。罪過！&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;真是要痛改前非啊！&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;第三階段大概可以指讀博這幾年吧！第一年入學後向教授提出說要改題目。當時的我心想，必須作一個忠於自己內心的題目。於是放棄了寫尼布爾。（事實上我很希望他的書，將來還是會引用）。我的覺悟是，那些所謂的神學大師，都是為其處境發言，反而諷刺的是，他們根本沒有想過華人一定學唱「他的歌」。他們是真正在做處境神學、地方神學，我們的神學呢？都在做甚麼？我覺得他們有可敬可偑的地方。我第一年也嘗試讀了Langdon Gilkey的書，發現他一樣回應他的美國處境或說他心中的當代處境。故也是處境神學。於是，心想，我們是不能再作拾人牙慧的神學了。我敬偑他們，因為他們向他們的世代盡忠。但我們要學習他們的，（我相信他們或許也覺得如此），是他們的精神，而不是他們神學的內容。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;神學的表述內容是有一定方向的，一定要某種對象和目的的。我實在不想走進這些當代神學家的神學發言處境，然後迂迴地從其中找到我的處境的聲音。何必如此呢？我處境中的聲音，我難道不知道嗎？如果不知道，就是表明我沒有甚麼神學宣言、宣告、語言要向我的處境言說的。其次，難道我沒有我自己內心的聲音嗎？我心中有甚麼信仰（群體）關注？這才是我要回答的，也就是我該研究的。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;這幾年來，指導教授不段地、對我無法理解地，欲說服我要engage with virtue ethics，我硬是不從。不是不欣賞這些人的聲音和論述，也並非該等論述和華人的德性言說沒有可溝通處。問題是可溝通又如何。他們談德性倫理是從其過去倫理學對其社會之建構承載以及後來失去論述及承載力的反省，我們追隨的論述是甚麼？我們的關注是甚麼，無論如何我覺得關聯不是沒有，卻是間接的。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;飲者兄曾引述過Alistair McGrath之言，後者的意思是說華人自己有如些深長的傳統，為何不去處理這些豐富的資源呢？我相信他的意思等於說華人文化傳統就是好。因為即使在西方必須處理其傳統和處境，不是表示其傳統完全是好的。反之，每一次回到傳統去，都是一種批判性的延續和改造。這就是我們必須做的。&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-931911048831124994?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/931911048831124994/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=931911048831124994' title='3 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/931911048831124994'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/931911048831124994'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/04/blog-post.html' title='耶穌我知道，保羅我也知道，但巴特、侯活士，他們是誰？'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>3</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-6248900529880629918</id><published>2010-03-19T11:02:00.000Z</published><updated>2010-03-19T11:02:15.025Z</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Life in Edinburgh'/><title type='text'>縫了幾針．心有餘悸</title><content type='html'>發生得太突然了，是看到對面球友的表情？是聽到後面的騷動？是叫喊聲？回過頭來恩橋已經跌在地上，是從六尺之高度，和那來不及擋住正往橋橋身上壓下來的幾張頗重的鐵椅。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;O NO. O NO.&amp;nbsp; 我馬上湧上去，panic, 傷痛、氣惱。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;馬上抱著她，「Are you okay? Are you okay? 叫你不要爬，你為甚麼就是不聽！」以為沒事的，心還沒放下，就看見耳側有血流下。我真的怕了、panic了、擔心了，到底是那裡，為甚麼看不到傷口？我反應太慢了，過了半響才頓然想到：是頭！往她頭上一查，果然是血不斷的湧出來，我來不及看是多大傷口，看見血流的速度，知道傷口不小。按常識，馬上把手緊緊的壓住傷口止血。「主啊！求你馬上讓血止住。」耳際傳來是SH和Rodie幫忙叫救護車。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"Daddy! I am sorry! I am sorry!"手中抱住的恩橋說。「不用怕！我們禱告，你也禱告。求上帝幫我們。求祂指住血，求祂保護我們。」&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"I am sorry! I am sorry! Daddy! I should have listened to you."&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;無暇照顧大女兒，"Neil, can you go to comfort Ching Ching for me please."&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 曉情又驚又哭，她對妹妹的擔心、害怕。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;「上帝一定會保護我們的, okay! 」&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;終於救護人員來了。（今早在家再一次和恩橋回顧事情經過，她說坐上救護車的時候比較安心了，知道有人來幫助。）&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;救護人員慢條斯理的，「這兒痛嗎？那兒痛嗎？」完全不像是emergency！"There is a big wound on the head."&amp;nbsp; 他們依然不著急，我知道：他們必須確定有沒有其他更要命的傷害。「那裡跌下來的」其中一個問恩橋。我知道：他們可能看過許多嚴重的傷，這點傷對他們而言不算急、不嚴重。"Do you feel dizzy? Want to throw up? "我知道這也是必要的程序，沒有這些症狀都是好消息，他們必須確定這些情形。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;上了救護車，我還是不放心的問需不需掃描看是否內出血，是否有積血。其中一個說醫院大概視情況，不一定會這麼做。我說：有些個案是事發之後以為沒事，一兩天後才突然不省人事。他概覺得我不信任他的判斷。但，作父母的難免如此嘛！&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;要不要縫針？女醫生和女護士在商量，大概是想，小孩這麼小，能承受得住痛嗎？後來決定是不得不縫。傷口有兩寸長。於是拿了有助止痛的「笑氣」讓她聞著給她縫了三、四針。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;恩橋的表現真的不能不叫人（爸爸稱讚），在救護人員尚未來到之前，看見panic的姊姊，還能安慰她說："CC, I am okay now.&amp;nbsp; Don't need to worry."&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;在縫針的時候，後來她說，在我為她睡前禱告的時候：「我看見上帝在替我把傷口拉合。」她也當我在事發之後按著她的傷口替她禱告的時候，「她『看見』上帝把血止住了。」&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;今早她沒有上學，沒有痛得需要吃藥，沒有發燒及其他症狀。請代禱。&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-6248900529880629918?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/6248900529880629918/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=6248900529880629918' title='5 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/6248900529880629918'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/6248900529880629918'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/03/blog-post_19.html' title='縫了幾針．心有餘悸'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>5</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-8316678385084665935</id><published>2010-03-15T18:17:00.001Z</published><updated>2010-03-16T08:23:42.756Z</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='personal'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='thesis'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Life in Edinburgh'/><title type='text'>遲遲不敢交出去</title><content type='html'>為甚麼就是沒有信心叫出去呢？因為每次看都發現問題。因為上次交的penultimate稿，老師還建議要改，現在雖然改了，但寫論文的人的知道，改了、搬動了，許多部份也交整理一下，許多時候也表示再重寫的部份，句子和文字常常是帶有「草稿」的特質，常有多一字少一字、句子不通等等問題。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;看師妹的Acknowledgements也已擺上部落格了，表示大概已經交上去了。她比我早把intention of the submission of thesis 交上去了的。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;主啊！想交出去，是的，主啊，要全然交托給你。&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-8316678385084665935?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/8316678385084665935/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=8316678385084665935' title='4 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/8316678385084665935'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/8316678385084665935'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/03/blog-post.html' title='遲遲不敢交出去'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>4</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-4843537878134006647</id><published>2010-03-02T19:35:00.000Z</published><updated>2010-03-02T19:35:15.217Z</updated><title type='text'>Euangelion: What is "orginality"?</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://euangelizomai.blogspot.com/2010/03/what-is-orginality.html"&gt;Euangelion: What is "orginality"?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;I particularly agree with most of the points in John Thompson's comment about biblical scholars and church.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-4843537878134006647?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://euangelizomai.blogspot.com/2010/03/what-is-orginality.html' title='Euangelion: What is &quot;orginality&quot;?'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/4843537878134006647/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=4843537878134006647' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/4843537878134006647'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/4843537878134006647'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/03/euangelion-what-is-orginality.html' title='Euangelion: What is &quot;orginality&quot;?'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-1519267340856894629</id><published>2010-02-25T13:31:00.000Z</published><updated>2010-02-25T13:31:02.833Z</updated><title type='text'>. . . . . 講生意 ，學耶穌: (二) 彼得‧德魯克 (1909-2005)</title><content type='html'>我說不多看見華人教會對 Peter Drucker的討論，以下找到一則：&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://l2lchristiantimes.blogspot.com/2006/01/1909-2005.html"&gt;. . . . . 講生意 ，學耶穌: (二) 彼得‧德魯克 (1909-2005)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-1519267340856894629?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://l2lchristiantimes.blogspot.com/2006/01/1909-2005.html' title='. . . . . 講生意 ，學耶穌: (二) 彼得‧德魯克 (1909-2005)'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/1519267340856894629/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=1519267340856894629' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/1519267340856894629'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/1519267340856894629'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/02/1909-2005.html' title='. . . . . 講生意 ，學耶穌: (二) 彼得‧德魯克 (1909-2005)'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-2196332943736386470</id><published>2010-02-25T10:13:00.000Z</published><updated>2010-02-25T10:13:27.077Z</updated><title type='text'>Does the world need more theology/Bible professors?? « nijay k gupta</title><content type='html'>I am clapping for this.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://nijaygupta.wordpress.com/2010/02/24/does-the-world-need-more-theologybible-professors/"&gt;Does the world need more theology/Bible professors?? « nijay k gupta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-2196332943736386470?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://nijaygupta.wordpress.com/2010/02/24/does-the-world-need-more-theologybible-professors/' title='Does the world need more theology/Bible professors?? « nijay k gupta'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/2196332943736386470/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=2196332943736386470' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/2196332943736386470'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/2196332943736386470'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/02/does-world-need-more-theologybible.html' title='Does the world need more theology/Bible professors?? « nijay k gupta'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-2380970959486369728</id><published>2010-02-25T10:06:00.001Z</published><updated>2010-02-25T10:06:58.821Z</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Malaysia'/><title type='text'>Krisis &amp; Praxis » Christian-Muslim Dialogue: Building a Common Society</title><content type='html'>&lt;blockquote&gt;"To conclude, dialogue in the Malaysian context obviously addresses a host of sensitive issues. Dialogue is not just an occasion for academic discourse. It is an ongoing negotiation of power between elites of different social-religious groups. It goes beyond exchange of abstract ideas and aims to forge alliances to build common society."&lt;/blockquote&gt;Excerpt from:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.krisispraxis.com/archives/2010/02/christian-muslim-dialogue-building-a-common-society/"&gt;Krisis &amp;amp; Praxis » Christian-Muslim Dialogue: Building a Common Society&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-2380970959486369728?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://www.krisispraxis.com/archives/2010/02/christian-muslim-dialogue-building-a-common-society/' title='Krisis &amp; Praxis » Christian-Muslim Dialogue: Building a Common Society'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/2380970959486369728/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=2380970959486369728' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/2380970959486369728'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/2380970959486369728'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/02/krisis-praxis-christian-muslim-dialogue.html' title='Krisis &amp; Praxis » Christian-Muslim Dialogue: Building a Common Society'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-9175870886165237143</id><published>2010-02-25T09:46:00.001Z</published><updated>2010-02-25T09:57:04.905Z</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='reflection'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Reading'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='personal'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='church'/><title type='text'>三民網路書店&gt;杜拉克教我的17堂課</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.sanmin.com.tw/Assets/product_images/957326399.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="http://www.sanmin.com.tw/Assets/product_images/957326399.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.sanmin.com.tw/page-product.asp?pf_id=99E155q10K107i72F105p72L110g129jHXqQLc1126SxV"&gt;三民網路書店&amp;gt;杜拉克教我的17堂課&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;十年前左右接觸了杜拉克，便愛上了他。他的管理智慧實用而且接摸到當代思維。他不流連於學術之框框，而是把當代的思想討論，有時甚至是始創的觀察帶進對人群和機構管理的範疇。這正是他的書吸引我之處。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;我當時便想如何能把他的思想結合入當代教會管理裡。目前坊間看過的基督教文章，記得胡志偉先生曾介紹和推介過杜拉克的思想，至於另有否較完整的著述，彷仍未有所見。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.sanmin.com.tw/page-product.asp?pf_id=99E155q10K107i72F105p72L110g129jHXqQLc1126SxV"&gt;「本書作者威廉‧柯漢，是杜拉克指導的第一批博士畢業生之一。他在美國空軍做到將軍職。最後，成為全職教授，管理顧問、與多本書的作者，並跟杜拉克維持著終生的友誼。大師的教誨使他的事業與人生各層面，皆受益良多。」&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;目次   &lt;br /&gt;推薦文：杜拉克談作者－彼得‧杜拉克&lt;br /&gt;推薦文：親身感受大師在課堂上的活力／伊拉‧傑克森&lt;br /&gt;推薦文：課堂中的智慧先知杜拉克／詹文明&lt;br /&gt;前言：杜拉克究竟教了我什麼？&lt;br /&gt;緣起：我如何成為現代管理學之父的門生&lt;br /&gt;特寫：課堂上的杜拉克&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;第1堂課　大家都知道的事情往往是錯的&lt;br /&gt;第2堂課　自信心是一步一步建立起來的&lt;br /&gt;第3堂課　別老是重複過去成功的做法&lt;br /&gt;第4堂課　面對問題時，無知比經驗更可貴&lt;br /&gt;第5堂課　開發本行之外的第二專長&lt;br /&gt;第6堂課　想要出類拔萃，就不能害怕失敗&lt;br /&gt;第7堂課　行銷的目標是為了不必再推銷 &lt;br /&gt;第8堂課　倫理、榮譽、操守和法律 &lt;br /&gt;第9堂課　未來無法預測，但可以創造&lt;br /&gt;第10堂課　每個人都要有所承擔&lt;br /&gt;第11堂課　先了解部屬，才能領導他們&lt;br /&gt;第12堂課　失敗者依然潛力無窮&lt;br /&gt;第13堂課　每個大兵的背包裡，都有統帥的指揮棒&lt;br /&gt;第14堂課　經營管理也能自動導航嗎？&lt;br /&gt;第15堂課　擬定策略不能套公式&lt;br /&gt;第16堂課　如何激勵知識工作者&lt;br /&gt;第17堂課　杜拉克的自我發展原則&lt;br /&gt;後語：謝謝你，彼得！&lt;br /&gt;感謝詞  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&amp;nbsp;深欲一讀而快！但身在國外，得書不易。&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-9175870886165237143?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://www.sanmin.com.tw/page-product.asp?pf_id=99E155q10K107i72F105p72L110g129jHXqQLc1126SxV' title='三民網路書店&gt;杜拉克教我的17堂課'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/9175870886165237143/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=9175870886165237143' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/9175870886165237143'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/9175870886165237143'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/02/17.html' title='三民網路書店&gt;杜拉克教我的17堂課'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-8529612291074733019</id><published>2010-02-23T17:30:00.001Z</published><updated>2010-02-23T17:32:46.792Z</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='personal'/><title type='text'>Computer Addicts--Do something!</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/S4QQW1qHiII/AAAAAAAABPg/Q3gv_Jroa3Q/s1600-h/ATT1298222.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="267" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/S4QQW1qHiII/AAAAAAAABPg/Q3gv_Jroa3Q/s400/ATT1298222.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-8529612291074733019?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/8529612291074733019/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=8529612291074733019' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/8529612291074733019'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/8529612291074733019'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/02/computer-additors-do-something.html' title='Computer Addicts--Do something!'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/S4QQW1qHiII/AAAAAAAABPg/Q3gv_Jroa3Q/s72-c/ATT1298222.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-1046675852295246799</id><published>2010-02-23T10:59:00.002Z</published><updated>2010-02-23T11:00:58.013Z</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='writing skills'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='thesis'/><title type='text'>Writing is Communicating What People Think They Know</title><content type='html'>Writing is communication. &amp;nbsp;It's not only to writre about what you know, nor about letting people know that you know, but about making those who read feel that they actually know what you mean and think that what you mean is what they have known before, although there is something they don't know but are learning from you even though somtimes they don't want to admit it. If they think that you said what they have said somewhere and have thought of saying it, the more humble ones will appreciate your work, although the less humble ones or perhaps those arrogant ones would want you to at lesat cite their works even if you come to your points independently. &amp;nbsp;Or they might want to destroy your work by saying it's incomprehensible or it is lack of evidence.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-1046675852295246799?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/1046675852295246799/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=1046675852295246799' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/1046675852295246799'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/1046675852295246799'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/02/writing-is-communication-what-people.html' title='Writing is Communicating What People Think They Know'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-12199903866265418</id><published>2010-02-22T23:11:00.001Z</published><updated>2010-02-22T23:13:21.809Z</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='China'/><title type='text'>Prayer Points | OMF: pray for china</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://www.omf.org/omf/us/resources__1/newsletters/global_chinese_ministries/gcm_newsletter_2010/global_chinese_ministries_feb_2010/prayer_points"&gt;Prayer Points | OMF&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;(c) OMF&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Simply to share this with friends and colleagues.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h3 class="wide"&gt;Feb. Prayer Points&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;!--&lt;span class="nfAuthor"&gt;Gwen Hanna&amp;nbsp;&lt;ghanna&lt;span class="spamfilter"&gt;SPAMFILTER&lt;/span&gt;@omf.org&gt;&lt;/span&gt;--&gt;                             &lt;ol&gt;&lt;li&gt;For the first time, the official press in China has publicly admitted the existence of 50 million unregistered house-church believers. Pray this will be a step towards a more liberal religious policy and genuine freedom to worship and evangelize.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;There are still elements among officialdom who persecute Christians at the local level; pray that God will overrule so those who recognize the valuable contribution of Christians to society will take over control of policy and its implementation at both the national and local levels.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Rev. Thomas Wang, one of North America's leading pastors, has inaugurated the “America Return to God” prayer movement. Evangelist Luis Palau addressed 500 participants last September (Great Commission News, Fall 2009). Pray that many more Chinese Christians in America will pray and take action to return the country to biblical standards.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;China is close to becoming a 50% urban nation. Pray for effective gospel outreach in her vast cities which continue to see millions of poor rural migrant workers pouring in.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Continue to pray for dedicated workers in the earthquake stricken zone of northern Sichuan who are engaged in long-term rehabilitation work.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;There are 5 million blind people in China. Pray that they will receive fair treatment in employment and that more Braille Christian materials can be produced for them.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;House-church evangelists face many strains in their marriages and family life as they are often away from home for long stretches. Pray they will see that taking time with their wives and children is not unspiritual, but a necessity.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Pray for Mr. Li, sentenced to 10 years in prison in China, and for Mr. Zhang sentenced for 7 years (both Christians), for the “crime” of helping desperate North Korean refugees try to escape into Mongolia via Inner Mongolia (Barnabas Aid, December 2009.)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Pray for the strategic ministry of the large TSPM churches in Shanghai which attract many students and professionals.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;A believer in Henan wrote to FEBC asking: “Je-Ho-Vah can be split into gods of three stages and in my hometown people all believe in the god 'Vah'. Is this right?" This seems to be a distortion of the doctrine of the trinity; pray for rural Christians prey to strange heresies. May God send them true teachers and pastors.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;During his November visit to China President Obama stated that “freedom of speech, of press and religion are not just core American values but we believe are universal rights" (Daily Telegraph, November 2009). Praise God for improvements in religious freedom in China; pray for greater openness to the implementation of religious freedoms at all levels of government.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Many tribal Christians in Yunnan (Lisu, Miao, Yi etc.) are drawn to the cities to find work, where they are in danger of losing their faith and distinctive culture. Pray they will find warm fellowship and good teaching from fellow believers in the cities.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;"My husband has strayed far from God. He never goes to meetings. He persecutes and insults me. I pray for him every day but this seems not to work. I feel very weak and sad." Pray for Mrs. Wang and her backslidden husband in Hubei, central China. (Letter to FEBC.)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;At least 726,000 people in China are affected by schistosomiosis (snail fever) which is rampant in some rice-fields (The Economist, June 20, 2009). Pray for sufferers and for Christian doctors seeking to treat them.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Shijiazhuang, the capital of Hebei province, has more than 2 million inhabitants but only 1% are believed to be Christians (China's Unreached Cities). Pray for effective outreach by the city's Christian churches and house-church fellowships.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;A senior health official revealed that China has a serious syphilis epidemic with 278,000 cases—three times the number in 2004 (Shanghai Daily, October 29, 2009). Pray for sufferers and that Christians will take a strong stand for biblical morality which will have an influence in general society.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;"Please pray for us. As soon as the school holidays began, officials from the Minorities and Religious Affairs Bureau, the Propaganda Department and the 610 Office which bans Falungong, drove into the mountains. They prohibit students and children from hearing the gospel and ban outside evangelists." (Letter to FEBC.)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;The 200,000-strong Tu people of Qinghai and Gansu are one of the least evangelized minorities in China. Most are Lama Buddhists. Pray that Chinese Christians will be raised up and trained to reach them for Christ.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;There are now 360 million web-users in China and more than 3 million China-based websites (China Daily, November 2, 2009). Pray Christians will have greater freedom to set up Christian web-sites and download teaching materials from overseas.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;The Chinese magazine Liaowang has admitted that China runs thousands of secret “black jails” where inmates—usually poor rural people petitioning the government about injustice—are beaten or tortured (Daily Telegraph, November 27, 2009). Pray these places will be abolished and the petitioners given a proper hearing.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Pray for outreach to the huge foreign communities in Beijing, Shanghai and other cities. Pray especially for Muslims and North Koreans working or studying in China that they may hear the gospel.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;OMF International workers worldwide report many wonderful opportunities to share Christ with Chinese students. Pray for patience, “stickability,” flexibility and lots of love!&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;About 100,000 desperately poor people in Hong Kong still live in tiny “cage homes” (partitioned flats of one room.) "Even a dog's home is better than here," complained one resident (South China Morning Post, October 5, 2009). Pray the Hong Kong government will ease the plight of these people.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;The city of Yiwu in Zhejiang south of Shanghai hosts 200,000 Arab traders annually to buy low-cost goods. There are many Chinese Christians locally. Pray they will have a vision for serious outreach to these Muslim visitors.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Chinese construction companies are building offices for the Algerian and Yemeni foreign minsitries in Algiers and Sana'a, as well as a light-rail system in Mecca, the Muslim holy city (Daily Telegraph, August 28, 2009). Pray for any Christians in these companies with opportunities to witness.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Pray for a young Kazak couple who have come to faith in northwest China. Pray for other Muslim family members some of whom are very opposed.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;2010 is the centenary of the World Missionary Conference in Edinburgh started in 1910. Pray for greater Chinese participation in global mission in the 21st century and for all those Chinese cross-cultural missionaries already working in many countries.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;An unprecedented open-air Christmas gathering was allowed in Ho Chi Min City in Vietnam on December 11. About 40,000 people turned up and 8,000 responded to “anointed” gospel preaching to receive Christ (Compass Direct, December 14, 2009). Praise God! Pray the time will come in the near future in China when the gospel can be proclaimed similarly and for revival to sweep the land.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-12199903866265418?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://www.omf.org/omf/us/resources__1/newsletters/global_chinese_ministries/gcm_newsletter_2010/global_chinese_ministries_feb_2010/prayer_points' title='Prayer Points | OMF: pray for china'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/12199903866265418/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=12199903866265418' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/12199903866265418'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/12199903866265418'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/02/prayer-points-omf-pray-for-china.html' title='Prayer Points | OMF: pray for china'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-6430265785655602020</id><published>2010-02-21T09:24:00.000Z</published><updated>2010-02-21T09:24:19.635Z</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='writing skills'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='thesis'/><title type='text'>How to Deal with Drafts of Your Thesis</title><content type='html'>&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="style1"&gt;The following is taken from Questia:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="style1"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="style1"&gt;I should have used the "comment and correction" in either Word or Pages in all my earlier versions and also saved some clean with comments and corrections all removed-versions.&amp;nbsp; The good thing for keeping the ones that have the comments and corrections allows one to find and keep track of something which was first written but then crossed out but later found useful again.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="style1"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="style1"&gt;Saving all new versions can be confusing when they become too many.&amp;nbsp; The search-out files in PC or Mac are just too many which become quite useless and time-consuming for tracing things that one wants to retrieve.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.questianewsletter.com/newsletter/volume-5-issue-15/index.htm?CRID=nullCRnull&amp;amp;OFFID=newsletter20100224p#writebetter"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="style1"&gt;Live with Writing Mistakes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Writing expert Peter Elbow uses an interesting approach to the physical process of putting words on paper that may work for you, too. In his book &lt;i&gt;Writing with Power: Techniques for  Mastering the Writing Process&lt;/i&gt; 2nd ed., (New York: Oxford University Press, 1998), 28, he says, "Gradually I have learned not to stop and cross out something I've just written when I change my mind. I just leave it there and write my new word or phrase on a new line."&lt;br /&gt;Elbow goes on to explain.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt; What is involved here is developing an increased tolerance for letting mistakes show. If you find yourself crumpling up your sheet of paper and throwing it away and starting with a new one every time you change your mind, you are really saying, I must destroy all evidence of mistakes." Not quite so extreme is the person who scribbles over every mistake so avidly that not even the tail of the "y" is visible. Stopping to cross out mistakes doesn't just waste psychic energy, it distracts you from full concentration on what you are trying to say.&lt;br /&gt;What's more, I've found that leaving mistakes uncrossed out somehow makes it easier for me to revise. When I cross out all my mistakes, I end up with a &lt;i&gt;draft.&lt;/i&gt; And a draft is hard to revise because it is a complete whole. But when I leave my first choices there littering my page along with some second and third choices, I don't have a draft, I just have a succession of ingredients. Often it is easier to whip that succession of ingredients into something usable than, as it were, to &lt;i&gt;undo&lt;/i&gt; that completed draft and turn it into a better draft. It turns out I can just trundle through that pile of ingredients, slash out some words and sections, rearrange some bits, and end up with something quite usable. And quite often I discover in retrospect that my original "mistaken phrase" is really better than what I replaced it with: more lively or closer to what I end up saying.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;Elbow  has many valuable tips and insights. Find them in &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.questia.com/CM.qst?D=newsletter20100224jj" target="_blank"&gt;Writing with Power: Techniques for Mastering the writing Process&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-6430265785655602020?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/6430265785655602020/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=6430265785655602020' title='2 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/6430265785655602020'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/6430265785655602020'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/02/how-to-deal-with-drafts-of-your-thesis.html' title='How to Deal with Drafts of Your Thesis'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>2</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-2074796867554466684</id><published>2010-02-17T10:43:00.000Z</published><updated>2010-02-17T10:43:03.778Z</updated><title type='text'>BBC 中文网 - 兩岸三地 - 中共元老要求平反劉曉波案</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/zhongwen/trad/china/2010/02/100202_openletter_liuxiaobo.shtml"&gt;BBC 中文网 - 兩岸三地 - 中共元老要求平反劉曉波案&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h1&gt;中共元老要求平反劉曉波案&lt;/h1&gt;                                                                         &lt;div class="module "&gt;                         &lt;div class="image img-w226"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/assets/images/2010/02/02/100202060331_liuxiaobo226b.jpg" alt="劉曉波" width="226" height="283" /&gt;&lt;p class="caption"&gt;劉曉波把坐牢視為推動中國民主進程的一部分。&lt;/p&gt;                         &lt;/div&gt;                      &lt;/div&gt;                      &lt;p class="ingress"&gt;據香港《明報》報道，20名中共部級、局級離休元老近日聯名簽署致中共中央公開信，要求糾正對劉曉波案的「違法錯判」。&lt;/p&gt;                      &lt;p&gt;公開信批評說，北京市第一中級法院的一審判決在事實和說理兩方面都不能令人信服，是以司法名義損害中共的改革開放形像。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;.............&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2&gt;溫家寶鼓勵講真話&lt;/h2&gt;                      &lt;p&gt;無巧不成書。中國政府網周一（2月1日）全文刊出了總理溫家寶09年11月的一次講話全文，鼓勵人們「要講真話」。&lt;/p&gt;                      &lt;p&gt;溫家寶說，當前要營造一種包容和寬鬆的環境，使人們能夠獨立思考，敢講真話。&lt;/p&gt;                      &lt;p&gt;溫家寶說，有些真話，雖然領導不愛聽，但確有價值，因為它包含真理。領導者應有聽取逆耳之言的雅量，去除思維定勢，包容不同意見，擇其善者而從之。&lt;/p&gt;                      &lt;p&gt;溫家寶還舉了春秋時期齊威王頒布命令徵求批評意見的例子。並說，封建時代的政治家尚能如此，共產黨人應當做得更好。&lt;/p&gt;                      &lt;p&gt;分析人士指出，對比中國政府對劉曉波一案的處理，溫家寶總理的講話不免顯得「葉公好龍」。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-2074796867554466684?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://www.bbc.co.uk/zhongwen/trad/china/2010/02/100202_openletter_liuxiaobo.shtml' title='BBC 中文网 - 兩岸三地 - 中共元老要求平反劉曉波案'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/2074796867554466684/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=2074796867554466684' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/2074796867554466684'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/2074796867554466684'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/02/bbc_17.html' title='BBC 中文网 - 兩岸三地 - 中共元老要求平反劉曉波案'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-1685288216008819901</id><published>2010-02-17T10:35:00.000Z</published><updated>2010-02-17T10:35:25.712Z</updated><title type='text'>BBC 中文网 - 兩岸三地 - 王丹等發表「網路革命」宣言</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/zhongwen/trad/china/2010/02/100216_internet_revolution_declaration.shtml"&gt;                                                              &lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="g-container"&gt;                                      &lt;h1&gt;王丹等發表「網路革命」宣言&lt;/h1&gt;                &lt;/div&gt;                                                         &lt;div class="module "&gt;                         &lt;div class="image img-w226"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/assets/images/2009/12/26/091226034841_hkliuprotest_ap_cr226.jpg" alt="香港示威者要求釋放劉曉波" width="226" height="170" /&gt;&lt;p class="caption"&gt;劉曉波去年聖誕日被判刑後，香港示威者上街抗議。&lt;/p&gt;                         &lt;/div&gt;                      &lt;/div&gt;                      &lt;p class="ingress"&gt;王丹、嚴家祺等海外民運人士在農曆新年前發表《網路革命宣言》，呼籲通過網路對抗獨裁、爭取民主。&lt;/p&gt;                      &lt;p&gt;《宣言》說，中國政府拒絕在政治上「鬆綁」，重判《零八憲章》起草人之一劉曉波，「堵死了和解之路」，是「對改良的蔑視」和「對革命的召喚」。&lt;/p&gt;                      &lt;p&gt;中國著名異見人士劉曉波曾參與起草倡導政治改革的《零八憲章》。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;文轉自BBC中文網，詳閱：&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/zhongwen/trad/china/2010/02/100216_internet_revolution_declaration.shtml"&gt;BBC 中文网 - 兩岸三地 - 王丹等發表「網路革命」宣言&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-1685288216008819901?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://www.bbc.co.uk/zhongwen/trad/china/2010/02/100216_internet_revolution_declaration.shtml' title='BBC 中文网 - 兩岸三地 - 王丹等發表「網路革命」宣言'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/1685288216008819901/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=1685288216008819901' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/1685288216008819901'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/1685288216008819901'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/02/bbc.html' title='BBC 中文网 - 兩岸三地 - 王丹等發表「網路革命」宣言'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-3375335441847162215</id><published>2010-02-16T10:52:00.000Z</published><updated>2010-02-16T10:52:09.942Z</updated><title type='text'>《時代論壇》Christian Times</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://christiantimes.org.hk/Common/Reader/News/ShowNews.jsp?Nid=58006&amp;amp;Pid=6&amp;amp;Version=0&amp;amp;Cid=150&amp;amp;Charset=big5_hkscs"&gt;《時代論壇》Christian Times&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-3375335441847162215?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://christiantimes.org.hk/Common/Reader/News/ShowNews.jsp?Nid=58006&amp;Pid=6&amp;Version=0&amp;Cid=150&amp;Charset=big5_hkscs' title='《時代論壇》Christian Times'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/3375335441847162215/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=3375335441847162215' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/3375335441847162215'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/3375335441847162215'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/02/christian-times.html' title='《時代論壇》Christian Times'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-7004607982712834679</id><published>2010-02-07T12:11:00.001Z</published><updated>2010-02-07T12:12:41.489Z</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='reflection'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Chinese Classics'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='道德經'/><title type='text'>道德經：治大國若烹小鮮</title><content type='html'>老子道德經裡一句話說：「治大國若烹小鮮」是甚麼意思呢？這裡無意作釋經工夫，只是聯想。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;在某部&lt;a href="http://tw.18dao.net/%E6%88%90%E8%AA%9E%E8%A9%9E%E5%85%B8/%E8%8B%A5%E7%83%B9%E5%B0%8F%E9%AE%AE"&gt;網上成語詞典&lt;/a&gt;上如此釋義：&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;【釋義】：意為治理大國要像煮小魚一樣。煮小魚，不能多加攪動，多攪則易爛，比喻治大國應當無為。後常用來比喻輕而易舉。 &lt;br /&gt;【出處】：《老子》：“治大國，若烹小鮮。”《韓非子·解老》：“治大國而數變法，則民苦之。是以有道之君貴靜，不重變法。故曰：‘治大國者若烹小鮮。’”&amp;nbsp;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.zdic.net/cd/ci/11/ZdicE7Zdic83ZdicB9223811.htm"&gt;網上版《漢典》〈烹魚〉&lt;/a&gt;條目釋：&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.blogger.com/goog_1265541375852"&gt;&lt;span class="dicpy"&gt;pēng yú  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="diczy"&gt;ㄆㄥ ㄧㄩˊ  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;   &lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="zdct5"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.blogger.com/goog_1265541375852"&gt;&lt;b&gt;烹鱼（烹魚）&lt;/b&gt;　&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a class="bwladd" href="http://www.blogger.com/goog_1265541375852" title="添加 烹鱼 到我的备忘录"&gt;&lt;img alt="添至备忘录" src="http://www.zdic.net/images/bwlico.gif" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;hr class="dichr" /&gt;&lt;div class="zdct6"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.blogger.com/goog_1265541375852"&gt; ZDIC.NET 汉 典 網 &lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="zdct5"&gt;&lt;span class="diczx1"&gt;《诗·桧风·匪风》&lt;/span&gt;：“谁能亨鱼？溉之釜鬵。” 毛 传：“亨鱼烦则碎，治民烦则散，知亨鱼，则知治民矣。”亨，“ 烹 ”的古字。后以喻治民。 宋  王应麟 &lt;span class="diczx1"&gt;《玉海·帝学·庆历迩英阁讲诗》&lt;/span&gt;：“三月戊午讲&lt;span class="diczx1"&gt;《匪风》&lt;/span&gt;‘谁能亨鱼’。上曰：‘ 老子 谓治民若烹小鲜，义近是乎？’ 丁度 曰：‘烹鱼烦则碎，治民烦则散。’”参见“ 烹小鲜 ”。 &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;按《毛傳》原名&lt;span class="diczx1"&gt;「《毛诗故训传》&lt;/span&gt;(一作&lt;span class="diczx1"&gt;《毛诗诂训传》&lt;/span&gt;)的简称。为 汉 人训释&lt;span class="diczx1"&gt;《诗经》&lt;/span&gt;之作。」（查&lt;a href="http://www.zdic.net/cd/ci/4/ZdicE6ZdicAFZdic9B168594.htm"&gt;網上《漢典》&lt;/a&gt;）。&lt;a href="http://www.zdic.net/cd/ci/4/ZdicE6ZdicAFZdic9B168594.htm"&gt;《漢典》注&lt;/a&gt;說：「其诂训大抵本先 秦 学者的意见，保存了许多古义，虽有错误，但仍为研究&lt;span class="diczx1"&gt;《诗经》&lt;/span&gt;的重要文献，通行的&lt;span class="diczx1"&gt;《十三经注疏》&lt;/span&gt;即采用&lt;span class="diczx1"&gt;《毛传》&lt;/span&gt;。」但重要的是，此傳既為漢人所著，用以釋先秦之《道德經》，雖為一有用之參考，但是否用以定奪「小鮮」之義必然為：「小魚」，這是可以商確的。不過，這是筆者的猜測和提問。學者對此該有許多討論。（學問也，意即此乃筆者之學exercise 和求問之過程，未能當研究報告看待）。我之提問是：小鮮能否單純的指小菜？如果可以的話，其詮釋及對無為而治之解釋必有不同。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;另同樣&lt;a href="http://www.zdic.net/cd/ci/11/ZdicE7Zdic83ZdicB9164585.htm"&gt;網上版《漢典》〈烹小鮮〉&lt;/a&gt;條木釋：&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;span class="dicpy"&gt;pēng xiǎo xiān  &lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class="diczy"&gt;ㄆㄥ ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄒㄧㄢ  &lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="zdct8"&gt;&lt;b&gt;烹小鲜（烹小鮮）&lt;/b&gt;　&lt;a class="bwladd" href="javascript:bwladd(&amp;quot;%E7%83%B9%E5%B0%8F%E9%B2%9C&amp;quot;)" title="添加 烹小鲜 到我的备忘录"&gt;&lt;img alt="添至备忘录" src="http://www.zdic.net/images/bwlico.gif" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;hr class="dichr" /&gt;&lt;div class="zdct9"&gt;【zdic.net 漢 典 网】&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="zdct8"&gt;&lt;span class="diczx1"&gt;《老子》&lt;/span&gt;：“治大国若烹小鲜。” 河上公 注：“鲜，鱼。烹小鱼，不去肠，不去鳞，不敢挠，恐其糜也。治国烦则下乱。”后比喻治国便民之道。 唐  高适 &lt;span class="diczx1"&gt;《过卢明府有赠》&lt;/span&gt;诗：“何幸逢大道，愿言烹小鲜。” 清  袁枚 &lt;span class="diczx1"&gt;《随园随笔·烹小鲜之讹》&lt;/span&gt;：“ 老子 言治大国若烹小鲜，言烹小鱼者不事割鳞剖腹，意在简便耳。” &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;br /&gt;有關河上公老子注是否可靠呢？首先關乎其成書年代，有學者認為乃東漢作品（參&lt;a href="http://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&amp;amp;q=cache:zY6MFSmorl4J:ccs.ncl.edu.tw/Chinese_studies_18_2/18_2_04.pdf+%E6%B2%B3%E4%B8%8A%E5%85%AC&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sig=AHIEtbQTrEcjAWZl7STwOwRL92KYiI2SIw"&gt;〈《河上公注》成書年代及其思想史、道教史之意義〉&lt;/a&gt;一文） 。一般認為東漢重黃老之術，這可意謂老子之學成為當時的依據，但反過來推論也可以說，當時的政治需要和議程，需要借用老子、並且以當時之意識型態「綁架」了道德經之意思，加以發揮「小鮮」為「小魚」之喻意，以滿足統治者的政治企圖。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;至此，本文無法往下在深入探討。原本我也只想作個聯想，但沒想到背問學問之大。但回過來以「小鮮」釋為「小菜」，雖甚少為學者所主張之讀法，就暫時當是我個人之誤讀（或許有人、有一天這讀法可證為可取之讀法），以下就有一點點的聯想：&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;「烹小鮮」表達的是廚子之藝。平常燒菜，許多人都能幹，但要燒得好，非下過一點功夫、經過許多次經驗之累積，方能有成。所謂專家，所謂高手、大師，所謂「行家一出手，便知有沒有」，表現的是對一門業藝之純熟專精。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;燒菜，家庭主婦也好，大餐廳之廚師也好，都能有專家之水平。一道小菜燒起來，味道、色擇、火喉、刀法、速度，都恰到好處，得心應手。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;要有此水平，就須忠於廚道，精於廚刀，尊重菜之本色，這樣就能手到拈來，不費工夫。 &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;老子道德經之治大國若烹小鮮，以烹小鮮為比喻，如果按以上我個人所解，治國者其實就如烹小鮮者，要對所治者熟悉及人民有了解，對治之道（好比廚道）有精湛之理解及經驗，這樣就能架經就熟，彷彿不費工夫，也即是彷彿無所為便能治了。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;本來一看到這句話的時候，就想到聖經說：「在小事上忠心，在大事上也必然忠心」，在小事上忠心者，如能「烹小鮮」，必能託之以大事，如「治大國」是也！&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-7004607982712834679?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/7004607982712834679/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=7004607982712834679' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/7004607982712834679'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/7004607982712834679'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/02/blog-post.html' title='道德經：治大國若烹小鮮'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-5775308563385092256</id><published>2010-02-02T16:57:00.002Z</published><updated>2010-02-02T16:57:58.229Z</updated><title type='text'>Scholarship for NT Studies</title><content type='html'>DOMINICAN BIBLICAL INSTITUTE , LIMERICK, IRELAND in association with&lt;br /&gt;Mary Immaculate College, UNIVERSITY OF LIMERICK, seeks applicants for&lt;br /&gt;two scholarships to be awarded to suitably qualified candidates,&lt;br /&gt;beginning Sept 2010. The first is for a PhD on: The Transformation of&lt;br /&gt;Scripture in 1 Corinthians. The amount of the scholarship is €15,000&lt;br /&gt;per year plus fee waiver, for three years of full-time study. The&lt;br /&gt;second is for a one-year Post-doctoral fellowship on: Gospel Origins:&lt;br /&gt;The Case for Proto-Luke (rather than Q). This scholarship is oriented&lt;br /&gt;to publication and provides €25,000 for one year of full-time study.&lt;br /&gt;For further information, contact Thomas Brodie, email:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="mailto:thomasbrodie@eircom.net" ymailto="mailto:thomasbrodie@eircom.net"&gt;thomasbrodie@eircom.net&lt;/a&gt;, tel. 353 (0)61 – 490 605.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-5775308563385092256?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/5775308563385092256/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=5775308563385092256' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/5775308563385092256'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/5775308563385092256'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/02/scholarship-for-nt-studies.html' title='Scholarship for NT Studies'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-9109998983950454469</id><published>2010-02-02T09:12:00.000Z</published><updated>2010-02-02T09:12:16.407Z</updated><title type='text'>Facebook | Zondervan Academic: Grace and the Church (Monday with Mounce 59)</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://www.facebook.com/reqs.php#/notes/zondervan-academic/grace-and-the-church-monday-with-mounce-59/327805480952"&gt;Facebook | Zondervan Academic: Grace and the Church (Monday with Mounce 59)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-9109998983950454469?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://www.facebook.com/reqs.php#/notes/zondervan-academic/grace-and-the-church-monday-with-mounce-59/327805480952' title='Facebook | Zondervan Academic: Grace and the Church (Monday with Mounce 59)'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/9109998983950454469/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=9109998983950454469' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/9109998983950454469'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/9109998983950454469'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/02/facebook-zondervan-academic-grace-and.html' title='Facebook | Zondervan Academic: Grace and the Church (Monday with Mounce 59)'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-8548918904059713377</id><published>2010-01-26T00:36:00.000Z</published><updated>2010-01-26T00:36:56.222Z</updated><title type='text'>Climate Change--BBC News - Do we need to say our prayers?</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/8434059.stm"&gt;BBC News - Do we need to say our prayers?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;First of all, quoting a few paragraphs from BBC News about Kenya's people who have prayed to God for a solution for global warming which have seriously affected Kenya.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Climate for change&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;But to deal with the global phenomenon, Kenya's "wananchi" (citizens) need to understand the complex of challenges they are up against, including a range of home-grown factors. &lt;/p&gt; &lt;!-- S IIMA --&gt;     &lt;table border="0" align="right" width="226" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"&gt;    &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;    &lt;div&gt;     &lt;img src="http://newsimg.bbc.co.uk/media/images/47007000/jpg/_47007151_water300afp.jpg" alt="Schoolchild carrying a water bottle (Image: AFP)" border="0" vspace="0" width="226" height="300" hspace="0" /&gt;     &lt;div class="cap"&gt;Gathering drinking water is becoming even more difficult for many in Africa&lt;/div&gt;    &lt;/div&gt;    &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;   &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;         &lt;!-- E IIMA --&gt;  &lt;p&gt;A growing population, coupled with insufficient investment in rural infrastructure and land management, makes it even more difficult to adapt to climate change and stave off the impending disasters brought by human induced global warming. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;For the future of Kenya, it is vital that practical solutions are found to meet people's concerns and help build sustainable systems that are less vulnerable to increasingly unpredictable weather patterns. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;Have we ourselves ask the same question: Can God bring any change to this crisis which is believed to be caused by human?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;上帝能否是全球氣溫上升的出路？向上帝迫切的禱告能否解決這危機？基督徒還能相信可以籍禱告化解這全球性的人為問題嗎？&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;全球氣溫上升的問題本身是「複雜」問題，所謂複雜，指的是多元非線性因果的複雜，基本上是不能解決的。就以去年底哥本哈根會議沒有帶來消減溫室氣體發放指標的公識，以美國帥先否決，似乎更印證問題之解決無方。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;人類不是無法分析問題之原因，但誠如罪之無法靠分析解決，靠解釋罪之成因亦於事無補。同樣道理，人類之衝突亦無法解決。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;基督徒如果相信禱告能解決人的問題，罪的問題，這原則該如何用在全球氣溫上升之問題上呢？&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;（待續）&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-8548918904059713377?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/8434059.stm' title='Climate Change--BBC News - Do we need to say our prayers?'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/8548918904059713377/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=8548918904059713377' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/8548918904059713377'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/8548918904059713377'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/01/climate-change-bbc-news-do-we-need-to.html' title='Climate Change--BBC News - Do we need to say our prayers?'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-7699649890538060038</id><published>2010-01-25T19:38:00.000Z</published><updated>2010-01-25T19:38:05.810Z</updated><title type='text'>BBC News - Church attacks: Voices from Malaysia</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/8455044.stm"&gt;BBC News - Church attacks: Voices from Malaysia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-7699649890538060038?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/8455044.stm' title='BBC News - Church attacks: Voices from Malaysia'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/7699649890538060038/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=7699649890538060038' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/7699649890538060038'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/7699649890538060038'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/01/bbc-news-church-attacks-voices-from.html' title='BBC News - Church attacks: Voices from Malaysia'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-3541141494722900355</id><published>2010-01-25T19:33:00.000Z</published><updated>2010-01-25T19:33:44.308Z</updated><title type='text'>BBC News - Government defeated in Lords over church gay plan</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/8479761.stm"&gt;BBC News - Government defeated in Lords over church gay plan&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-3541141494722900355?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/8479761.stm' title='BBC News - Government defeated in Lords over church gay plan'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/3541141494722900355/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=3541141494722900355' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/3541141494722900355'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/3541141494722900355'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/01/bbc-news-government-defeated-in-lords.html' title='BBC News - Government defeated in Lords over church gay plan'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-6921944349220617264</id><published>2010-01-22T21:41:00.001Z</published><updated>2010-01-22T21:41:08.305Z</updated><title type='text'>孩子們！別讓你們將來的孩子，再向別人下跪！[MV]</title><content type='html'>&lt;div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;object height='350' width='425'&gt;&lt;param value='http://youtube.com/v/CJ2Xg1XGG58' name='movie'/&gt;&lt;embed height='350' width='425' type='application/x-shockwave-flash' src='http://youtube.com/v/CJ2Xg1XGG58'/&gt;&lt;/object&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-6921944349220617264?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/6921944349220617264/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=6921944349220617264' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/6921944349220617264'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/6921944349220617264'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/01/mv.html' title='孩子們！別讓你們將來的孩子，再向別人下跪！[MV]'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-4581477753179781146</id><published>2010-01-22T15:25:00.000Z</published><updated>2010-01-22T15:25:05.439Z</updated><title type='text'>《独立新闻在线》- 中道政治与洋务运动</title><content type='html'>文摘錄自&lt;span class="author"&gt;作者／黄进发专栏&lt;/span&gt;：&lt;a href="http://www.merdekareview.com/news/n/12081.html"&gt;《独立新闻在线》- 中道政治与洋务运动&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;特喜愛其中跨族群思維層面之論述。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;华教运动要怎么跨族群&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img alt="" src="http://www.merdekareview.com/image_files/news/n080613_1.png" align="right" vspace="5px" width="160" height="210" hspace="5px" /&gt;在 308之后，“跨族群”（中道政治的别名）已经变成政治正确，没有一个华教团体或华团会反对“跨族群”。我们也必须肯定个别团体在这方面的努力，包括“华 总20年行动方略”招揽非华语社群的学者专家、社运人士为国献策，隆雪华堂和林连玉基金与马来文教团体联手为巴登赈灾，隆雪华堂“公民社会奖”全数颁给非 华语社群的团体与个人。然而，整体上，华社特别是华教运动到底走了多远？连非华教出身的杜乾焕博士（右图）领导林连玉基金都面对血统不纯正的质疑，华教运 动要怎么跨族群？&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;我不禁想起清末的“洋务运动”。1861年，鸦片战争之后的清朝统治阶层看到了“师夷长技以制夷”的重要性，发展科技、工 业、教育，企图通过现代化让中国富强起来。然而，34年后，这场运动却以作为其最主要成果的北洋舰队在甲午海战中全军覆灭告终。战胜者日本的现代化运动 “明治维新”比中国的“洋务运动”迟六年起步，为什么能够迎头赶上？&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;因为前者不仅引进西方的技术，同时引进了西方的典章制度，改革了日本原来的封建社会；而后者却始终相信“中学为体，西学为用”，看不到西方的船坚炮利不仅仅是技术层面的成功，而是政治与社会体制优越性的成果。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;“跨族群”的技术和思维层面&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;和洋务运动一样，“跨族群”一样可以有技术和思维层面两个层次。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img alt="" src="http://www.merdekareview.com/image_files/news/20090603_Chinese_School_Book.jpg" align="left" vspace="5px" hspace="5px" /&gt;在 技术型的“跨族群”思考下，华文教育仍然是民族教育，利害相关者（stakeholders）自然就是华社，而华文教育的生存与发展就系于华社对华文教育 的支持。“跨族群”的“用”是在这个基础上争取其他族群对华文教育的谅解与支持，并支持亲华文教育的政党或政治领袖上台，换取对华教友善的环境。在这样的 思考下，林连玉是华教的伟人，不数典忘祖就要确保20年后华校学生仍然知道他的贡献，会在华教节时去献花。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;思维性的“跨族群”思考是完全不 同一回事。华文教育在马来西亚的存亡，不系于华社是否支持，而是系于整体马来西亚社会（包括非华人、不受华文教育者）能否受惠于华文教育/多语教育并看到 其贡献。林连玉精神能不能延续，不在于华人子弟能不能感念他的奋斗和牺牲，而在于马来西亚人能不能从他的抗争中吸取精神的养分，如马丁路德金之于美国人乃 至全世界的弱势者。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;这样的思考很容易招来批评：当华人都不爱华文教育、纪念林连玉的时候，你要怎样让别人来爱华文教育、纪念林连玉？为什么 我们不能转过来这样想：如果连非华人都能够爱华文教育、纪念林连玉时，难道华人不会自然地更爱华文教育、纪念林连玉吗？因此，这不是一个华人、非华人孰先 孰后的问题，而是我们到底有没有自信让非华人相信——不是在选举季节——华文教育对马来西亚（尤其是非华人、不谙华文者）有利？ 如果没有，那么我们的华教运动，当然必须是自保运动，而“跨族群”就仅仅是不同利益团体的权益性联盟，不能动摇“族”本。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;以“跨族群”为“体”&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;以 “跨族群”为“体”，不代表华教运动要抛弃华人，就像行动党不必抛弃华人和回教党不必抛弃马来人一样。今天华教运动的挑战是怎样带领原来的基层群众认识到 “跨族群”的“体”。这当然不是容易事：回教党的许多基层还是对党支持基督徒使用阿拉有所保留；行动党的中央代表对林冠英的“中道马来西亚”也兴致缺缺， 变成秘书长“自得其乐”。然而，如果回教党和行动党都能够不顾基层的惰性走出“舒适区”，华教运动为什么还不能够？&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;詳文請閱：&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.merdekareview.com/news/n/12081.html"&gt;《独立新闻在线》- 中道政治与洋务运动&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-4581477753179781146?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://www.merdekareview.com/news/n/12081.html' title='《独立新闻在线》- 中道政治与洋务运动'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/4581477753179781146/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=4581477753179781146' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/4581477753179781146'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/4581477753179781146'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/01/blog-post_5996.html' title='《独立新闻在线》- 中道政治与洋务运动'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-531980531459854257</id><published>2010-01-22T15:16:00.000Z</published><updated>2010-01-22T15:16:02.274Z</updated><title type='text'>《独立新闻在线》- 宽频落后•外资限制•人才不足 政府死守保护政策改革沦空谈</title><content type='html'>以下摘錄自：&lt;a href="http://www.merdekareview.com/news/n/12065.html"&gt;《独立新闻在线》- 宽频落后•外资限制•人才不足 政府死守保护政策改革沦空谈&lt;/a&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;b&gt;保护政策限制改革空间&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;虽然马来西亚目前正在挣扎着以攀爬上更高的经济价值链，但是，我国政府每当面对难以决策的情况时，比方说设定最低薪金、废除津贴制度、淘汰不具竞争力的领域、唯才是用等方面，一般上都会选择退缩，一部分原因是为了避免让一些选民失望，另一边则是因为政府不太愿意冒险。&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;img alt="" src="http://www.merdekareview.com/image_files/news/20100121_business_malaysia.jpg" align="left" vspace="5px" hspace="5px" /&gt;政府在过去尽量避免碰触改革的倾向，基本上解释了为何马来西亚在教育与基建基础上的起步比其他区域经济体来得早，并拥有丰富的天然资源，但是在发展脚步上，却远远落后其他区域经济体如新加坡、台湾、韩国等。&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;他 说，马来西亚必须要勇敢跨出一大步走向新经济，否则将继续停留在中收入国家，遭更加激进的新兴经济体抛在后头。他坦言，如果马来西亚要100%的保护，就 不可能取得重大的改变。因此，马来西亚要的不是一小步的改革，而是要跨出一大步，走向新经济。其他经济体都在快速前进，如果我国的改革脚步太慢，最终将被 这些激进的新兴经济体取代。&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;富布斯也建议，马来西亚应该考虑从国外引进所需的人才，以便提升我国的技术层次。他表示，现在引进外国专才比以前容易，但是，来我国工作的外国专才至今只有3万8000人，数目少得可怜。反观新加坡政府却非常惜才，不是给予外国专才工作准证，而是永久居留权。&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;詳文請閱：&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.merdekareview.com/news/n/12065.html"&gt;《独立新闻在线》- 宽频落后•外资限制•人才不足 政府死守保护政策改革沦空谈&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-531980531459854257?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://www.merdekareview.com/news/n/12065.html' title='《独立新闻在线》- 宽频落后•外资限制•人才不足 政府死守保护政策改革沦空谈'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/531980531459854257/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=531980531459854257' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/531980531459854257'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/531980531459854257'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/01/blog-post_22.html' title='《独立新闻在线》- 宽频落后•外资限制•人才不足 政府死守保护政策改革沦空谈'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-5099369782028361511</id><published>2010-01-22T14:12:00.001Z</published><updated>2010-01-22T14:18:00.808Z</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Malaysia'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Chinese Theology'/><title type='text'>馬來西亞－族群政治 華人與馬來人如何共存？ - 馬來西亞：獨立五十年 - 全球書選 - udn全球觀察</title><content type='html'>摘錄如下：&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;華人與馬來人是差異非常大的二個族群，然而人數卻並未有顯著的差距；雙方的關係非常的錯綜複雜，很難予以釐清。簡言之，馬來人認為自己是馬來半島的原住 民，華人是外來者；因此，馬來人應居於統治的地位，華人必須遵從馬來人訂定的規範。華人卻認為他們已經在大馬生根，已經是大馬的公民，享有同等的權利義 務，因此，華人的文化、語言及教育都應受到尊重及保障。這個簡單的道理，華人及馬來人都非常明白，問題就是很難在這兩者之間取得平衡。&lt;br /&gt;華人與馬來人如何共容及共存？這個問題至今卻沒有完美的解方，馬來人及華人已經摸索及嘗試五十年，但是族群議題仍是雙方爭執的焦點，雙方仍將面對未來的五十年或更久！&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;3.強勢的中央聯邦政府&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;就理論而言，聯邦制的國家大都強調及尊重各地方政府（州）的特色及自主性的發展；中央的聯邦政府大都負責全國性質的事務，中央與地方各自有權力及事務的劃分，中央並不會干預地方政府的事務，因此，聯邦政府並不是一個強勢的政府。美國就是一個例證。 &lt;br /&gt;可是，馬來西亞的聯邦制卻與美國的聯邦制有所不同，因為大馬的中央政府是一個強勢的聯邦政府，是一個不僅具有龐大行政權的中央政府，亦是一個擁有立法權的最高行政機構。此外，大馬的中央聯邦政府擁有全國財政及稅收，亦是預算及資源的分配者。&lt;br /&gt;馬來西亞各州的政府並沒有完整及獨立的賦稅權力，因為其大部分的預算都是來自中央的聯邦政府，如此，就形成一個強大及強勢的聯邦政府，各州的地方政府相對 而言，就相當弱勢，因為地方政府的預算及建設都常常需要仰賴中央的補助。因此，地方政府若與中央聯邦政府不合或領導人出自不同政黨，就會受到中央的刁難。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;br /&gt;詳文請閱：&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://mag.udn.com/mag/world/storypage.jsp?f_ART_ID=208054"&gt;馬來西亞－族群政治 華人與馬來人如何共存？ - 馬來西亞：獨立五十年 - 全球書選 - udn全球觀察&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;其實，作為處境神學而言，馬來西亞神學界，或許神學院界，對於這課題的神學反省，仍未真正開發，是外在因素的鉗制嗎？作為華人一難、作為基督徒二難，作為基督徒華人，在馬來西亞這塊土地上，其難度比末底改和以斯帖是有過之而無不及。&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-5099369782028361511?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://mag.udn.com/mag/world/storypage.jsp?f_ART_ID=208054' title='馬來西亞－族群政治 華人與馬來人如何共存？ - 馬來西亞：獨立五十年 - 全球書選 - udn全球觀察'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/5099369782028361511/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=5099369782028361511' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/5099369782028361511'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/5099369782028361511'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/01/udn.html' title='馬來西亞－族群政治 華人與馬來人如何共存？ - 馬來西亞：獨立五十年 - 全球書選 - udn全球觀察'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-5946812541725161559</id><published>2010-01-20T14:46:00.000Z</published><updated>2010-01-20T14:46:01.849Z</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Pastor'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='pastoral counselling'/><title type='text'>A Pastor's Self Image</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;Recently, I got a book for two pounds from book sale.&amp;nbsp; It is about pastoral care or pastor's self psychological health.&amp;nbsp; This is a topic which has an affine interest with my thesis but of different discipline.&amp;nbsp; Nevertheless, due to personal growth and research of character formation of a pastor, I grasped the book on my first sight of it.&amp;nbsp; Here is a case study which tells a person by the name of Samson.&amp;nbsp; I find the following paragraphs particularly interesting and may also reflect some of our pastors in churches.&amp;nbsp; It certainly reflects some of my past or maybe even present status.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;"He probably can be very charming and ingratiating in his superficial contacts with others, when he so desires, and in face, attempted to handle the sessions as if it were a social rather than a test situation."&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"His approach to the Rorschach plates however, revealed that his eagerness to prove how cooperative he was, was a facade, for in actuality, delaying tactics as he attempted to control and suppress his spontaneous ideas, were very obvious.  There was much talk (which at times was rather pedantic) and intellectualizing which reflected ont only obsessive character traits and deeply embedded feelings of insecurity and insufficiency, but his feelings about the task-like character of the situation.&lt;br /&gt;At present the man's interests are rather restricted to himself and the predicament he is in and he is depressed and disappointed in himself.  His inability to cope with his difficulties in a masterful way seems to have revealed to him just how weak and inadequate he actually is as a man; feelings which he has probably always tried to escape from and which he compensated fro through his drive for prestige and recognition and through his manipulation of others.  He probably does not quite believe or accept the self-derogatory statements he makes about himself at present, for they are too unacceptable to the self-image he has always striven to maintain."  &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;Margaretta Bowers, Conflicts of the clergy : a psychodynamic study with case histories (Edinburgh ;New York: T. Nelson, 1963), 142-43&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-5946812541725161559?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/5946812541725161559/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=5946812541725161559' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/5946812541725161559'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/5946812541725161559'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/01/pastors-self-image.html' title='A Pastor&apos;s Self Image'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-7201943357612842787</id><published>2010-01-20T14:25:00.000Z</published><updated>2010-01-20T14:25:26.083Z</updated><title type='text'>Insight Sabah - Holistic education - 1Malaysia at work in Sabah’s seminary</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://insightsabah.gov.my/article/read/88"&gt;Insight Sabah - Holistic education - 1Malaysia at work in Sabah’s seminary&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-7201943357612842787?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://insightsabah.gov.my/article/read/88' title='Insight Sabah - Holistic education - 1Malaysia at work in Sabah’s seminary'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/7201943357612842787/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=7201943357612842787' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/7201943357612842787'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/7201943357612842787'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/01/insight-sabah-holistic-education.html' title='Insight Sabah - Holistic education - 1Malaysia at work in Sabah’s seminary'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-3228625546163399303</id><published>2010-01-16T13:18:00.004Z</published><updated>2010-01-17T00:45:45.204Z</updated><title type='text'>Abide With Me Hymn - Gods Country</title><content type='html'>&lt;div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"&gt;&lt;object height="350" width="425"&gt;&lt;param value='http://youtube.com/v/cxqylxfYyQM' name='movie'/&gt;&lt;embed height='350' width='425' type='application/x-shockwave-flash' src='http://youtube.com/v/cxqylxfYyQM'/&gt;&lt;/object&gt;&lt;br /&gt;1.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;夕陽西沉, 求主與我同居;&lt;br /&gt;黑暗漸深, 求主與我同居;&lt;br /&gt;求助無門, 安慰也無求處,&lt;br /&gt;常助孤苦之神, 與我同居.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;1&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Abide with me! Fast falls the eventide.&lt;br /&gt;The darkness deepens; Lord, with me abide!&lt;br /&gt;When other helpers fail And comforts flee,&lt;br /&gt;Help of the helpless, Oh abide with me!&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;2.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;渺小浮生, 飄向生涯盡處&lt;br /&gt;歡娛好景, 轉瞬都成過去;&lt;br /&gt;變化無常, 環境何能留住?&lt;br /&gt;懇求不變之神, 與我同居.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;2&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Swift to its close ebbs out Life's little day.&lt;br /&gt;Earth's joys grow dim; Its glories pass away.&lt;br /&gt;Change and decay In all around I see;&lt;br /&gt;O Thou, who changest not, Abide with me!&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;3.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;我深需主, 時刻需主眷顧,&lt;br /&gt;除卻主恩, 尚有何法驅魔?&lt;br /&gt;誰能如主, 時常導引扶持?&lt;br /&gt;無論風雨晦明, 懇求同居.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;3&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;I need Thy presence Every passing hour.&lt;br /&gt;What but Thy grace Can foil the tempter's power?&lt;br /&gt;Who, like Thyself, My guide and stay can be?&lt;br /&gt;Through cloud and sunshine, Lord, abide with me.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;4.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;有主降祥, 仇敵何需畏懼?&lt;br /&gt;淚不辛酸, 病痛也無足慮;&lt;br /&gt;墳墓威權, 鋒芒今天何處?&lt;br /&gt;我仍欣然得勝, 主若同居.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;4&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;I fear no foe, With Thee at hand to bless;&lt;br /&gt;Ills have no weight, And tears no bitterness.&lt;br /&gt;Where is death's sting? Where, grave, thy victory?&lt;br /&gt;I triumph still, If Thou abide with me.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;5.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;示我寶架. 雙眸垂閉之時,&lt;br /&gt;照徹昏幽, 指我直上天衢;&lt;br /&gt;陰翳飛逝, 欣看天光破曙,&lt;br /&gt;無論天上人間, 懇求同居&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;5&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Hold Thou Thy cross Before my closing eyes; &lt;br /&gt;Shine through the gloom And point me to the skies. &lt;br /&gt;Heaven's morning breaks, And earth's vain shadows flee! &lt;br /&gt;In life, in death, O Lord, abide with me. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-3228625546163399303?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/3228625546163399303/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=3228625546163399303' title='2 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/3228625546163399303'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/3228625546163399303'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/01/abide-with-me-hymn-gods-country_16.html' title='Abide With Me Hymn - Gods Country'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>2</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-6281036805133440849</id><published>2010-01-16T13:18:00.001Z</published><updated>2010-01-16T13:18:18.463Z</updated><title type='text'>Abide With Me Hymn - Gods Country</title><content type='html'>&lt;div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;object height='350' width='425'&gt;&lt;param value='http://youtube.com/v/cxqylxfYyQM' name='movie'/&gt;&lt;embed height='350' width='425' type='application/x-shockwave-flash' src='http://youtube.com/v/cxqylxfYyQM'/&gt;&lt;/object&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-6281036805133440849?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/6281036805133440849/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=6281036805133440849' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/6281036805133440849'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/6281036805133440849'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/01/abide-with-me-hymn-gods-country.html' title='Abide With Me Hymn - Gods Country'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-5201208156438061245</id><published>2010-01-12T14:25:00.000Z</published><updated>2010-01-12T14:25:26.295Z</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Malaysia'/><title type='text'>第九間教堂被攻擊</title><content type='html'>自上周五起，馬來西亞已有九間基督教會的聚會處被回教徒攻擊，起因是反對法院判決基督徒能合法使用Allah一詞來稱呼他們所信奉的上帝，某些回教群體的反對是，恐因此混淆信仰，有回教徒因此改信基督教云云。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;真是荒唐，都甚麼時代了，還以宗教借政治之名義，或反之，來管治人民的信仰自由，比某些東方大國有過之而無不及。回教和馬來人在馬來西亞是二而一、一而二的情形，加上立法限制其他宗教傳教於回教徒，使宗教、信仰、政治、人民、個人全都結集為一，是誰也解不開的結。這也是使馬來人和其他族群常有張力的主要原因之一。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;你若行得好，意即回教若真好，自然能吸引人追隨，何必立法防範呢！情人的話裡也說：「留得住你的人，卻留不住你的心，罷了、罷了！」&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;盼望有朝一日，全馬來西亞人都能自由的選擇信甚麼教，和甚麼族的來往及通婚。&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-5201208156438061245?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/5201208156438061245/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=5201208156438061245' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/5201208156438061245'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/5201208156438061245'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/01/blog-post.html' title='第九間教堂被攻擊'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-5729341561095549991</id><published>2010-01-11T21:45:00.000Z</published><updated>2010-01-11T21:45:46.216Z</updated><title type='text'>SAET » The Society for the Advancement of Ecclesial Theology</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://www.saet-online.org/"&gt;SAET » The Society for the Advancement of Ecclesial Theology&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-5729341561095549991?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://www.saet-online.org/' title='SAET » The Society for the Advancement of Ecclesial Theology'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/5729341561095549991/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=5729341561095549991' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/5729341561095549991'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/5729341561095549991'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/01/saet-society-for-advancement-of.html' title='SAET » The Society for the Advancement of Ecclesial Theology'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-4861590852261088805</id><published>2010-01-09T10:40:00.000Z</published><updated>2010-01-09T10:40:48.207Z</updated><title type='text'>Greek for the Rest of Us: Using Greek Tools Without Mastering Biblical Greek: Amazon.co.uk: William D. Mounce: Books</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/0310282896/ref=pe_5301_18256301_pe_ar_t1"&gt;Greek for the Rest of Us: Using Greek Tools Without Mastering Biblical Greek: Amazon.co.uk: William D. Mounce: Books&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-4861590852261088805?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/0310282896/ref=pe_5301_18256301_pe_ar_t1' title='Greek for the Rest of Us: Using Greek Tools Without Mastering Biblical Greek: Amazon.co.uk: William D. Mounce: Books'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/4861590852261088805/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=4861590852261088805' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/4861590852261088805'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/4861590852261088805'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/01/greek-for-rest-of-us-using-greek-tools.html' title='Greek for the Rest of Us: Using Greek Tools Without Mastering Biblical Greek: Amazon.co.uk: William D. Mounce: Books'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-4717811517037241641</id><published>2010-01-02T11:41:00.000Z</published><updated>2010-01-02T11:41:22.182Z</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='academics'/><title type='text'>A Question on Academic Creativity and Convention</title><content type='html'>Some academic fields have become like a factory that produces same style, same format of argument. &amp;nbsp;As soon as anything is not written that style, examiners and so called senior colleagues in the field fail to show the vigillity and creativity to find clues to read things that are non-conventional. &amp;nbsp;It seems that they have been so protected and pampered that everything has to suit what they want. &amp;nbsp;Ironical as it is, they are still the centre of power. &amp;nbsp;No wonder every generation it takes a certain rebellious nerves ( which later honoured as&amp;nbsp;genius when their work discovered and claimed as bla-bla-bla.....). &amp;nbsp;Ironical is that they said they set originality as one of the criteria for PhD thesis, but they those on the panels are sometimes the murderer of originality when originality also means creativity that is so against their reading habit and convention. &amp;nbsp;They never try hard enough to understand but simple assume they will understand given that they are the experts. &amp;nbsp;But it occurs that they don't understand, they wouldn't admit&amp;nbsp;(and they have lost the ability to recognize) that the problem could be on their side instead of their junior colleague.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-4717811517037241641?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/4717811517037241641/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=4717811517037241641' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/4717811517037241641'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/4717811517037241641'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2010/01/question-on-academic-creativity-and.html' title='A Question on Academic Creativity and Convention'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-821735337628202256</id><published>2009-12-30T23:44:00.000Z</published><updated>2009-12-30T23:44:44.070Z</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='church'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Pastor'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='House church'/><title type='text'>Pastors, do you feel the same?</title><content type='html'>"In my former life as a pastor, I was a dispenser of comfortable&lt;br /&gt;Christianity. I took on the job of creating a “conducive&lt;br /&gt;environment” for worship. What this really meant was making a&lt;br /&gt;worship event cushy enough that people would want to come and&lt;br /&gt;then come back: comfortable seats, coffee, pleasing worship music,&lt;br /&gt;and a sermon that holds attention. Unfortunately, regularly&lt;br /&gt;attending a comfortable worship event has become the primary&lt;br /&gt;marker of what it means to be a Christian today."&lt;br /&gt;(Roger Thoman, &lt;i&gt;Simple/House Church Revolution&lt;/i&gt;)&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-821735337628202256?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/821735337628202256/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=821735337628202256' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/821735337628202256'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/821735337628202256'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2009/12/pastors-do-you-feel-same.html' title='Pastors, do you feel the same?'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3401354876728220619.post-1130305337832980078</id><published>2009-12-29T16:01:00.000Z</published><updated>2009-12-29T16:01:35.796Z</updated><title type='text'>“龙椅”为谁而设？ /余杰文集</title><content type='html'>&lt;blockquote&gt;“谭嗣同在《仁学》一书中指出：“二千年来君臣一伦，尤为黑暗否塞，无复人理，沿及今兹，方愈剧矣。”他明确提出，中国要得救，必须抛弃“独夫”，实行“民 主”，打破专制主义的那一套愚民之法，让万民获得精神上、思想上的彻底解放。谭嗣同慷慨就义已经一百年有余了，然而，他所追求的一切，依然没有在中国的大 地上生根发芽。中国人头顶上的辫子被剪去了，但中国人心灵深处的辫子依然存在；紫禁城里的那把龙椅没有人在坐了，但无形的龙椅依然盘踞在人们的精神空间 里。龙椅上还坐着当年的幽灵们，洋洋得意地向万民挥手致意。”&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://boxun.com/hero/2007/yujie/356_1.shtml"&gt;“龙椅”为谁而设？ /余杰文集&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/3401354876728220619-1130305337832980078?l=edinburghscraps.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://boxun.com/hero/2007/yujie/356_1.shtml' title='“龙椅”为谁而设？ /余杰文集'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/feeds/1130305337832980078/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=3401354876728220619&amp;postID=1130305337832980078' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/1130305337832980078'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3401354876728220619/posts/default/1130305337832980078'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://edinburghscraps.blogspot.com/2009/12/blog-post_9668.html' title='“龙椅”为谁而设？ /余杰文集'/><author><name>愛丁堡．四十不惑</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02458933001436640650</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='http://bp1.blogger.com/_iIROoMNQg6E/R6ukFnN6FwI/AAAAAAAAABs/U9ffJADUJxQ/S220/iChing+Kouka+(%27Heads%27-Coin).gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry></feed>
